1. What are Bacteria? Chapter 7, Section 1

2. What is a Bacterium? One-celled organism. Prokaryotic.  (Do not have membrane bound nuclei or organelles.) Can live alone or in groups or chains. Smaller than plant and animal cells.

3. Who discovered bacteria? Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (in the later half of the 17 th century).

4. Where do Bacteria Live? Everywhere!  Including, the soil, the air, your body, deep sea, hot springs, food…

5. What does a Bacterial Cell look like? 3 basic shapes:  Cocci – sphere-shaped bacteria  Bacilli – rod-shaped bacteria  Spirilla – spiral-shaped bacteria

6. What does a Bacterial Cell look like? Typical Cell  Cytoplasm surrounded by both a cell membrane and a cell wall.  One circular chromosome (genetic material).  Ribosomes

7. What does a Bacterial Cell look like? Some Cells:  Plasmid (smaller circular piece of DNA)  Thick, gelatin-like capsule  Hair-like projections on cell surface  Slime layer (on outside)  Flagella (whip-like tail)

8. How do Bacteria Reproduce? Asexually  Fission Produces two new cells with genetic material identical to the original cell. Sexually  Conjugation Two bacterial line up next to each other and then exchange DNA through a fine tube. Result is new combinations of genetic material.

9. How do Bacteria Obtain Food and Energy? Producers  Use the sun to make food.  Break down chemicals to make food. Consumers (majority of bacteria)  Break down dead organisms.  Parasitic.

10. How do Bacteria Obtain Food and Energy? Aerobic Bacteria (most bacteria)  Use oxygen during respiration to break down food. Anaerobic Bacteria  Do not need oxygen in order to survive.