1. IB2.17.4 Enzymes and bacteria © Oxford University Press 2011 Enzymes and bacteria

2. IB2.17.4 Enzymes and bacteria © Oxford University Press 2011  Some micro-organisms make enzymes that pass out of their cells.  If the micro-organisms (bacteria or fungi) are grown in large containers (fermenters), the enzymes can be collected from the liquid inside the fermenter.  The enzymes can then be added to washing powders.

3. IB2.17.4 Enzymes and bacteria © Oxford University Press 2011  Some bacteria live in very hot places and grow best at temperatures between 55°C and 75°C and can survive at 90°C.  These bacteria make enzymes that work well at high temperatures. Their enzymes are not denatured at this high temperature.  Some of the enzymes added to washing powders can be obtained from these bacteria.