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Kingdom Fungi
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What are Fungi? Defined as a Fungi are NOT PLANTS
Study of fungi = mycology Defined as a single or multi-celled eukaryote with heterotrophic, absorptive nutrition, chitinous cell walls, and which stores energy as glycogen.
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Characteristics Heterotrophic Absorptive nutrition
Cannot make own food Absorptive nutrition Produce enzymes that break down food outside body Then absorb small molecules released by enzymes
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Characteristics Cell walls made of chitin Reproduce by spores
2 general growth patterns Single cells: example is yeast Hyphae: example mushrooms Reproduce by spores Vital role in ecosystem Decomposers Symbiotic Predators Cordycepes: The Killer Fungus
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Structure & Function Hyphae Tubular Long, slender branching filaments
Hard wall of Chitin Crosswalls may form compartments Grow at tips
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Structure & Function Fruiting Body Mycelium Example: Mushroom
Reproductive structure Grows from mycelium Mycelium Mass of branching hyphae below soil Example: Mushroom Fungal Structure Video
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Fruiting Body and Mycelium
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Reproduce by Spores Spores are reproductive cells Formed
Sexual: plus (+) and minus (-) Asexual: budding or breaking hyphae Formed Directly on hyphae Inside sporangia Fruiting bodies Above: Hyphae Middle: sporangia Far Left: fruiting body
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Hyphal growth from spore
Germinating spore Mycelium Mycelia have a huge surface area
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Asexual Reproduction
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Sexual Reproduction
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Classified by their reproductive structures
Diversity of Fungi Classified by their reproductive structures
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Phylum Basidiomycota “Club Fungi”
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Gills with Basidia Cap Rhizoids Spores Released!
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Phylum Ascomycota “Sac Fungi”
Baker’s Yeast Penicillium Morels
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True Morel False Morel
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Asci with ascopores
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Phylum Zygomycota Mycorrhizae Rhizopus mycelium
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Bread Mold with sporangia
Zygospore
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Ecological Role Decomposers
break down complex molecules into sugars or consume sugars found in environment. Examples Common bread molds Shelf fungi White button mushrooms
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Ecological Role Symbiotic Fungi Examples
receive their energy (carbohydrates) directly from a plant or algal partner. Examples mycorrhizal fungi (live on plant roots) 90% of all plants have fungal relationship lichens (contain algae) "The Rotten World About Us"
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