1. SOC 573 - Animal Experimentation James G. Anderson, Ph.D. Purdue University

2. Public Views 81% believe that it is necessary to use animals for some research 76% believe that animals have rights 46% believe that the ‘use of animals in medical experiments violates the animals rights”

3. Support for Animal Research Research on animals has led to major medical advances The development of new vaccines, antibiotics and surgical procedures requires testing on animals Biomedical education requires the use of animals Animals can help to relieve human pain and suffering

4. Opposition to Animal Research Animals have ‘rights’ It is morally wrong to inflict pain and suffering on animals. Primates share over 90% of their DNA with humans. Much animal research is redundant and useless. There are acceptable alternatives to the use of animals in research. 3 million animals each year in the U.S. are used for secondary and university educational purposes

5. Regulation The Animal Welfare Act regulates research laboratories that receive federal funding NIH Office for Protection from Research Risks Institutional Animal-Care-and-Use Committees U.S. PHS Regulations Regarding the Care and Treatment of Laboratory Animals 12 states ban the sale of pound animals for research A bill in congress would give animals ‘standing’ in court

6. Questions Regarding the Use of Laboratory Animals in Research Are Primates necessary for the research? Is the particular primate species selected appropriate? Is the study likely to contribute significantly to scientific knowledge or to human or animal health? Is the investigator scientifically and technically qualified to conduct the study?

7. Questions Regarding the Use of Laboratory Animals in Research Will the study be conducted in a humane fashion with consideration of the welfare of the animal and according to regulations? If invasive procedures are likely to produce pain or discomfort, are they essential to the study? If the research is replication of previous or other ongoing research, is it justified?

8. Questions Regarding the Use of Laboratory Animals in Research Is the number of animals to be used and the research design adequate to produce clearly interpretable results, but not excessive? Will the study limit reproductive capacity in a way that will be injurious to breeding in the particular primate colony or to the species itself?

9. Questions How does one judge the value versus the cost of a particular experiment? Who should judge? What ratio of value to cost is acceptable