1. Welcome to Seminar: Unit 3 Exercise and Children and Youth

2. Agenda/Topics Response to exercise Special considerations Testing Recommendations Case Studies Q & A

3. Children are not little people Their responses to exercise—both acute and chronic—are different from adults.

4. Children are not little people What does ‘acute’ mean? What does ‘chronic’ mean? Strong evidence supports regular PA and exercise in children and youth (see pg 273 in Howley & Franks)

5. How do children respond differently to exercise?

6. Are lower in their ability to generate ATP Do not dissipate heat as well as adults Are not as economical in their movements Achieve steady state better than adults Are very well suited to intermittent activities

7. How are adults and children similar?

8. Both perform endurance tasks well (VO2max) Both perform very short, intense exercise

9. Special Considerations

10. What are some considerations that we need to account for in children and youth? Variety Fun Games Not overemphasizing sports Proper form, fundamentals, Downplay competition

11. What changes have occurred in the last 50 years or so, and what affect has this had on our children of today being active on a regular basis?

12. To sum it up:  IN CREASES in SEDENTARY BEHAVIORS

13. Testing Presidents Council on Physical Fitness and Sport Fitness gram Both very popular in the school setting

14. Testing 1950’s—PCYF est. Pres. Eisenhower American Association for Health PE and Recreation (AAPHER)—Youth Fitness Test  Pullup, situp, shuttle run, standing broad jump, 50yd dash, softball throw, 600 yard run/walk 80’s AAPHERD—Health Related Phys. Fitness Test  1mi run, BC, sit and reach, sit ups PCPFS—health and fitness tests/Fitnessgram

15. PA Guidelines for Children For adolescents (post pubescent) use adult recommendations Children age 5-12 (pg 276 Howley & Franks)  Avoid extended Inactivity (>2hours)  Accumulate >60min of PA most days  Intermittently include mod to vigorous PA of >15min (with rest or lighter PA)  Variety!!

16. Physical Activity Recommendations Motor skills Opportunities to play Reward both the behavior and the outcome

17. Strength Training and Children At what age can children begin strength training?

18. Strength Training and Children At what age can children begin strength training?  No minimum age BUT…need to be mature  Studies regarding skeletal concerns not well conducted  Current studies suggest many benefits to ST in children  Focus on form and technique—NOT on weight  May be MORE enjoyable for many overweight youth

19. Strength Training and Children What precautions or guidelines should we follow when strength training in children?  Parent complete HSQ  Proper supervision,  Adapt equipment to children,  Teach proper form and technique  1-2 sets, 8-10 exercises, 8-15 reps/set of major muscle groups, 2-3 sessions on non-consecutive days  Encourage other activities

20. Case Study #1 Based on our discussions tonight regarding the importance of physical activity in children and youth, how would you respond to finding out that recess and PE are going to be shortened and/or cut in your child’s school?

21. Case Study #2 How would you respond to a parent who wants his/her child to strength train using very heavy weights for few repetitions in efforts to gain strength and power so that they can excel in their pop warner football league?

22. Q & A