2. BALANCEBALANCE The Body in Balance Maintains constant body temperature Maintains the level of glucose in the blood Maintains the level of salt, water and sugar in the blood C 6 H 12 O 6

3. BALANCEBALANCE So….. What do we call this maintenance of an internal environment? Homeostasis

4. BALANCEBALANCE 4 Major Themes in Maintaining Balance These 4 major themes are interrelated to help your body maintain homeostasis: Feedback loops Structure and function Division of labor Interdependence of organ systems

5. BALANCEBALANCE Feedback Loops How does the thermostat in your home maintain a constant temperature?

6. BALANCEBALANCE Feedback Loops Thermostat shuts off heater Room temperature falls Thermostat activates heater Warm air is produced Room temperature rises Thermostat feedback loop

7. BALANCEBALANCE Feedback Loops What happens to your body when you run outside in 100 o temperature?

8. BALANCEBALANCE Feedback Loops How does this happen? Blood vessels in skin dilate Sensors in the brain and skin detect a change in body temperature Sweat glands release more sweat Body temperature regulates stimulus response This is a stimulus-response Hormone message sent

9. BALANCEBALANCE Feedback Loops So….What are some of the things that feedback regulates? Feedback systems regulate: Blood sugar (glucose) Salt content in blood Hormone production Blood pressure Ion content in blood Water content in blood

10. BALANCEBALANCE Structure and Function TRY THIS! Put a rubber band around your hand so that the thumb cannot be used. Pick up your textbook and hand it to the student next to you. Now - pick up a penny without going to the edge of the desk or putting the penny up against something.

11. BALANCEBALANCE Structure and Function TRY THIS! Continue to not use the thumb. Try to unscrew a lid from a jar. Pick up your pencil and write your name without using your thumb.

12. BALANCEBALANCE Structure and Function Why are these harder to do without the thumb? What are some other activities that would be difficult without your thumb?

13. BALANCEBALANCE Structure and Function How is the structure of your thumb related to its function?

14. BALANCEBALANCE Structure and Function One of these represents an original native of Africa. One of these represents an original native of Alaska. Which is which and why?

15. BALANCEBALANCE Structure and Function What is the function of plant leaves? Why are these leaves shaped differently? Maple leaf Conifer Cactus

16. BALANCEBALANCE Structure and Function The dolphin and the fish are unrelated organisms. Why do they have similar structures? Mammal - dolphin Fish – Queen snapper

17. BALANCEBALANCE Structure and Function Explain why structure is so important to function.

18. BALANCEBALANCE Division of Labor How many people does it take to build a building?

19. BALANCEBALANCE Division of Labor You would need: Architect Construction workers Foreman Plumbers Electricians Painters Why do you need all of these people?

20. BALANCEBALANCE Division of Labor Why do you need so many different parts to digest your food?

21. BALANCEBALANCE Division of Labor What do your teeth do for you?

22. BALANCEBALANCE Division of Labor Esophagus Why do you need an esophagus?

23. BALANCEBALANCE Division of Labor Does the stomach do anything special for you?

24. BALANCEBALANCE Division of Labor Could you live without your small intestine? Why?

25. BALANCEBALANCE Division of Labor Your body systems are divided into different parts. Each part has its own special function. This is called a Division of Labor.

26. BALANCEBALANCE Interdependence of Body Systems REMEMBER... All the body systems work together to maintain homeostasis.

27. BALANCEBALANCE Interdependence of Body Systems What systems need to work together in order for you to write your name on a sheet of paper?

28. BALANCEBALANCE Interdependence of Body Systems What systems need to work together so you can get energy from the food you eat?

29. BALANCEBALANCE Interdependence of Body Systems What would happen if...? You tried to move your leg with a broken femur? You had too few red blood cells?

30. BALANCEBALANCE Interdependence of Body Systems All the body systems rely on each other in order to function correctly. If one system fails to work, every system will be affected. This shows the interdependence of all the systems.

31. BALANCEBALANCE Let’s review: Explain homeostasis and why it is important. Explain feedback loops and give examples. Why is structure related to function? Why is surface area a part of structure? What does division of labor mean? Why is it important for all of your body systems to work together?