2. second most common neurodegenerative disorder progressive loss of muscle control trembling of the limbs and head while at rest stiffness, slowness, and impaired balance. may become difficult to walk, talk, and complete simple tasks.

4. degenerative disorder of the CNS Substantia Nigra (SN) controls movement Cells die in SN (pars compacta) stops producing Dopamine Loss in muscle control Thalamus and Globus Palidus Interna became overly active

5. Tremor at rest Bradykinesia Impaired balance and coordination Muscle rigidity Stooped posture Expressionless face Decreased sense of smell

6. Autonomic Impairment Constipation Urinary problems Orthostatic hypotension Dysphagia Excessive salivation Pains Motor complications Dyskinesia No response Dystonia

7. 1. Idiopathic 2. Acquired 3. Hereditary parkinsonism 4. Parkinson plus syndrome

9. Lewy Body Dementia Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Shy-Drager Syndrome

10. Lloyd Tan Parkinson’s Trust Fund Malaysian’s Parkinson’s Disease Association World Parkinson’s Disease day Background Gender Age

11. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21448542 http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1831191-overview http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkinson's_disease#cite_not e-Jankovic2008-0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkinson's_disease#cite_not e-Jankovic2008-0 http://www.pdmdcenter.com/articles/HopkinsWeb/index. html http://www.pdmdcenter.com/articles/HopkinsWeb/index. html http://www.lloydtan-trust.com/ http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/parkinsonsdisease.h tml#cat57 http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/parkinsonsdisease.h tml#cat57 http://parkinsons-disease.emedtv.com/parkinson's- disease/natural-cure-for-parkinson's-disease.html http://parkinsons-disease.emedtv.com/parkinson's- disease/natural-cure-for-parkinson's-disease.html