1. Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Lamiales Family: Verbenaceae
1. Leaves mainly opposite.

2. Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Lamiales Family: Verbenaceae
1. Leaves mainly opposite.
2. Stems often 4-angled.

3. Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Lamiales Family: Verbenaceae
1. Leaves mainly opposite.
2. Stems often 4-angled.
3. Flowers zygomorphic, bisexual and 5-merous.

4. Class: Magnoliopsidae Order: Lamiales Family: Verbenaceae
1. Leaves mainly opposite.
2. Stems often 4-angled.
3. Flowers zygomorphic, bisexual and 5-merous.
4. Stamen mostly 4, didynamous, epipetalous.

5. Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Lamiales Family: Verbenaceae
1. Leaves mainly opposite.
2. Stems often 4-angled.
3. Flowers zygomorphic, bisexual and 5-merous.
4. Stamen mostly 4, didynamous, epipetalous.
5. Carpels 2; axile placentation; ovary superior.

6. Class: Magnoliopsida order: Lamiales Family: Verbenaceae
1. Leaves mainly opposite.
2. Stems often 4-angled.
3. Flowers zygomorphic, bisexual and 5-merous.
4. Stamen mostly 4, didynamous, epipetalous.
5. Carpels 2; axile placentation; ovary superior.
6. Fruit: a drupe or berry.
Verbena “vervain”

7. Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Scrophulariales Family: Scrophulariaceae “figworts”
1. Leaves simple; alternate or opposite or whorled.

8. Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Scrophulariales Family: Scrophulariaceae “figworts”
1. Leaves simple; alternate or opposite or whorled.
2. Flowers zygomorphic and 2-lipped; 5-merous.

9. Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Scrophulariales Family: Scrophulariaceae “figworts”
1. Leaves simple; alternate or opposite or whorled.
2. Flowers zygomorphic and 2-lipped; 5-merous.
3. Stamen 2 or 4 with 1 staminoid
4. attached to the corolla.

10. Penstemon “beard tongues” Castilleja “paint brushes”
Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Scrophulariales Family: Scrophulariaceae “figworts”
1. Leaves simple; alternate or opposite or whorled.
2. Flowers zygomorphic and 2-lipped; 5-merous.
3. Stamen 2 or 4 with 1 staminoid attached to the corolla.
4. Ovary with 2 locules and 2 carpels; superior.
CA5 CO5 A2or4 G2
Penstemon “beard tongues”
Castilleja “paint brushes”
Digitalis “foxgloves”