1. Growth and Crisis in Colonial Society 1720-1765 Chapter 4

2. Key Questions/Ideas What HowHow What

3. Colonial Society ______ m people in colonies –0.5m slaves Most populous colonies in 1775 – About _____% of people lived in rural areas and farmed

4. A Melting Pot? 1775 of colonists were of English descent

5. Scots-Irish were _____% –They were experienced colonists and anti-British –Chain of settlements lay scattered along the "great wagon road" The eastern Appalachian foothills from PA to GA –Led the armed march of the in Philadelphia in 1764 protesting the Quaker oligarchy's lenient policy toward the Indians –Led the in NC An insurrection against eastern domination of the colony's affairs A Melting Pot? Scots-Irish attacking Indians, Lancaster, PA

6. About % –Other European groups- French Huguenots, Welsh, Dutch, Swedes, Jews, Irish, Swiss, and Scots Highlanders Colonial America was a melting pot? A Melting Pot?

7. Ethnic Groups in Eighteenth- Century British North America The Ancestry of the British Colonial Population

8. The Structure of Colonial Society By mid 1700s, the richest % of Bostonians and Philadelphians owned of the taxable wealth in their cities In all the colonies the ranks of the lower classes were further swelled by the continuing stream of immigrants –Indentured servants Black slaves were the lowest in society

9. The Structure of Colonial Society

11. Distribution of Assessed Taxable Wealth in Eighteenth-Century Chester County

12. Professions Most honored profession was the –Most physicians were poorly trained and not highly esteemed Bleeding was common cure The first medical school came in 1765 –Epidemics were a constant nightmare Powdered dried toad was a favorite prescription for smallpox  which affected 1 in 5 A crude form of inoculation was introduced in 1721

13. Workaday America Agriculture was the leading industry, involving about 90% of the people –New England  farming –Middle Colonies  “ ” = grain –South  Fishing was not nearly as prevalent as agriculture, but it was rewarding –All colonies, but especially in New England Trade was popular in New England, NY, and PA Manufacturing in the colonies was of only secondary importance –Lumbering was most important manufacturing activity

14. By 1730s, Americans demanded more and more British products  Britain had reached for American imports –This trade imbalance prompted the Americans to look for foreign markets to get money to pay for British products Particularly the West Indies 1733 –Passed by Parliament to limit trade with French West Indies Colonists got around this by smuggling  act of Parliament Workaday America

15. Horsepower and Sailpower Roads in the colonies were terrible Ben Franklin 9 days to get from Boston to Philadelphia 29 days for Declaration of Independence news to reach Charleston from Philadelphia Towns clustered around navigable water sources (An intercolonial postal system was established by the mid-1700s)