1. ECE Connections Symposium May 14, 2009 Photos courtesy of the Canadian Wind Energy Association, 3Ci Énergie Éolienne and Stewart C. Russell Interconnection of Wind Turbines Using DC Link Etienne Veilleux – Energy Systems Group

2. Interconnection Wind Turbine Using DC Link Etienne Veilleux ECE Connections 2009 Symposium University of Toronto - 2 - Actual Offshore Wind Farm

3. Interconnection Wind Turbine Using DC Link Etienne Veilleux ECE Connections 2009 Symposium University of Toronto - 3 - Proposed Wind Farm Configuration

4. Interconnection Wind Turbine Using DC Link Etienne Veilleux ECE Connections 2009 Symposium University of Toronto - 4 - Project Overview Series interconnection of wind turbine using DC grid

5. Interconnection Wind Turbine Using DC Link Etienne Veilleux ECE Connections 2009 Symposium University of Toronto - 5 - Benefits and Requirements Benefits:  No offshore platform  Eliminate all transformers at sending end  ↓ intermediate converters  ↓ overall cost General Requirements:  Maximum power point tracking  Continuous path for current  Current regulated by the receiving end  Feasible and cost effective solution

6. Interconnection Wind Turbine Using DC Link Etienne Veilleux ECE Connections 2009 Symposium University of Toronto - 6 - Key Block: DC-DC DC-DC Converter  Continuous path for current on state off state Selected topology: buck converter

7. Interconnection Wind Turbine Using DC Link Etienne Veilleux ECE Connections 2009 Symposium University of Toronto - 7 - Converter TopologyGeneratorAC/DC DC/DC

8. Interconnection Wind Turbine Using DC Link Etienne Veilleux ECE Connections 2009 Symposium University of Toronto - 8 - Simulation