1. Nervous System Brain Spinal Cord Nerves Neurons

2. Communication between cells through nerve signals.

3. Parts of a Neuron Soma – cell body Dendrite – receive messages Axon – send messages out Myelin – help speed up messages, made up of Schwann cells

4. Types of Neurons Sensory – incoming signals Motor - movement Interneurons – in brain and spinal cord only (processors/relay terminals)

6. Neural Connections Synapse – space between axon of neuron A and dendrite of neuron B Neurotransmitter – chemicals that diffuse across synapse to change polarity of neuron B’s dendrite membrane Nerve cells contain receptor molecules for neurotransmitters

7. Synapses Neurotransmitter being released into synapse and attaching to receptors on dendrite Based on Harvard Medical School Family Health Guide

8. Central Nervous System Brain Spinal Cord Control center, coordinates body functions

9. Peripheral Nervous System  Carry messages to and from CNS  Motor and sensory neurons found here.  No interneurons here!

10. Brain Cerebrum Corpus Callosum Pituitary Gland Hypothalamus Brain Stem: Pons, Midbrain, Medulla Oblongata Cerebellum Thalamus

11. Autonomic Nervous System Involuntary Two divisions –Sympathetic – fight-or-flight responses –Parasympathetic – body at rest

12. Somatic Nervous System Cranial and spinal nerves Reflexes – automatic responses to stimuli

13. Senses Chemoreceptors – chemicals Photoreceptors – light Mechanoreceptors – pressure, vibration

14. Chemoreceptors Taste – taste buds –Sweet –Salty –Bitter –Sour Olfaction - smell

15. Photoreceptors Vision Retina –Cones – color –Rods – black & white

16. Mechanoreceptors Hearing – vibration in cochlea Balance – semicircular canals in ears Touch – pressure, pain, heat, cold