1. Aerobic Respiration SQA Exercises

2. Aerobic Respiration – what you should know Respiration is the breakdown of f______ to release its e_______ Living cells need energy for cell d_______, synthesis of e________ and g ________ In a plant chloroplast, light energy is transformed into c_______ energy In an animal muscle cell c________ energy is changed into m__________ energy Cells need o_______ gas to release energy from food during aerobic respiration ood nergy ivision nzymesrowth hemical ovement xygen

3. Equation of aerobic respiration G______ + o______ e______ + ____ + _____ The c_______ d________ given off by cells during tissue respiration has come from f_____ lucosexygennergyCO 2 H2OH2O arbon ioxide ood

4. H_____ energy may be released by cells during respiration  F___ and oils contain m_____ chemical energy per gram than carbohydrates or proteins  M__________ is a___ the reactions in a c___ or o_________.  E_____ from food is n______ for metabolism. Aerobic respiration is the o____ cell process that can make this energy eat atsore etabolismll ellrganism nergyeeded nly

5. Glucose diffuses in Oxygen diffuses in CO 2 diffuses out H 2 O diffuses out Glucose CO 2 + H 2 O + oxygen + energy Aerobic Respiration CELL

6. Cell growth Cell division Synthesis of enzymes movement Maintaining body temperature Fatschemicalenergy carbohydrates C

7. oxygen aerobic glucoseoxygen carbon dioxide water carbon dioxide Heat

8. sum totalreactions proteins cellenergy foodrespiration C

9. Energy content temperaturewater volume wear goggles hot apparatus temperature heat loss to air water not stirred calorimeter

10. Absorbs carbon dioxide Liquid moves up towards the seeds because the seeds absorb oxygen Same apparatus but with dead seeds

11. Why is the flask upside down? Describe the control experiment Why is it a good idea to use disinfectant with the control experiment So the thermometer measures the temperature of the peas Same apparatus but with dead peas Kills bacteria – no rise in temperature due to bacterial respiration

12. Experiment 5 The Respirometer

13. At side B the coloured water moves ___ the tube _________the germinating peas because the peas are using up _________ gas during ___________. This causes a _________ in the air pressure (volume) inside tube allowing the level of the coloured water to r____. up towards oxygen aerobic respiration decrease ise

15. Volume of water Distance between burning food and test tube Heat lost to air / escaping Starting temperature of water Complete burning of food Incomplete burningEnergy lost as light

16. 30 X 0.21 = 6.3 6.3 growth / cell division / synthesis / chemical reactions / movement fat / oils

17. Experiments - Presentation For every experiment you need: to know the input variable. The variable you change. The outcome variable. The variable you measure. This goes along the x-axis. This goes along the y-axis. x y input variable outcome variable This is the top row or first column in a table. This is the bottom row or last column in a table.

18. Temperature (°C)1020304050 Bubbles (number/s)15750 Temperature (°C) Bubbles (number/s) 1020304050 1 0 2 8 3 7 6 4 5 A Bar Chart – separate bars 1.Draw the axes 2.Mark in the labels 3.Mark the x scale 4.Mark the y scale 5.Draw the bars 6.If you have time shade in the bars

19. Temperature (°C)1020304050 Bubbles (number/s)15750 Temperature (°C) Bubbles (number/s) 1020304050 1 0 2 8 3 7 6 4 5 A Histogram – joined bars 1.Draw the axes 2.Mark in the labels 3.Mark the x scale 4.Mark the y scale 5.Draw the bars 6.If you have time shade in the bars

20. Temperature (°C)1020304050 Bubbles (number/s)15750 Temperature (°C) Bubbles (number/s) 1 0 2 8 3 7 6 4 5 A Line graph 1020304050 0 1.Draw the axes 2.Mark in the labels 3.Mark the x scale 4.Mark the y scale 5.Draw the points 6.Join the points with straight lines

21. Averages 1. Find the total number of bubbles Temperature (°C)1020304050 Bubbles (number/s)481440 Try this example … 4 + 8 + 14 + 4 + 0 1. Find the total = 30 2. Divide the total by the number of items There are 5 items in the table 30  5 = 6 Average = 6 bubbles/s 3.Don’t forget units in your answer To find the average number of bubbles … Temperature (°C)1020304050 Bubbles (number/s)02832 Answer =: 15 ÷ 5 = 3

22. Percentages 1. Find the total number of bubbles Temperature (°C)1020304050 Bubbles (number/s)481640 What percentage of bubbles are produced at 30ºC? 4 + 8 + 16 + 4 + 0 1. Find the total = 32 2. Divide the number of bubbles at 20ºC by the total number 8  32 = 0.25 this is the decimal fraction 0.25 x 100 = 25% To find the percentage of bubbles at 20ºC … 3.Multiply the decimal fraction by 100 to get the percentage 25% of the bubbles are produced at 20ºC 0.5 x 100 = 50% 16  32 = 0.5 this is the decimal fraction

23. Percentage increase Temperature (°C)1020304050 Bubbles (number/s)481242 What is the percentage decrease in bubbling at 40º C compared to 30ºC? 1. Find the increase in the number of bubbles at 30ºC 12 - 8 = 4 4 ÷ 8 = 0.5 To find the percentage increase in bubbling at 30ºC compared to 20º C … 2.Divide the increase by the original figure for 20ºC 0.5 x 100 = 50% increase 8  12 = 0.67 X 100 = 67% 3.Multiply by 100 to get percentage

24. Ratios 10ºC:20ºC 4 bubbles:8 bubbles Temperature (°C)1020304050 Bubbles (number/s)481442 1. Write down the ratio of the numbers To find the simple whole number ratio of bubbles at 10 degrees compared to bubbles at 20 degrees … 2. Find a number that will divide into both numbers to give a whole number – in this case 2 4 bubbles  2:8 bubbles  2 =2 bubbles:4 bubbles 3. Repeat step 2 until you cannot divide again without getting a fraction 2 bubbles  2:4 bubbles  2 =1 bubble:2 bubbles

25. Ratios 20ºC:30ºC 8 bubbles:14 bubbles Temperature (°C)1020304050 Bubbles (number/s)481442 1. Write down the ratio of the numbers To find the simple whole number ratio of bubbles at 20 degrees compared to bubbles at 30 degrees … 2. Find a number that will divide into both numbers to give a whole number – in this case 2 8 bubbles  2:14 bubbles  2 =4 bubbles:7 bubbles 3. You cannot divide any more without getting a fraction so … the simple whole number ratio is: 4 :7

26. Ratios 20ºC:30ºC 8 bubbles:14 bubbles Temperature (°C)1020304050 Bubbles (number/s)481442 1. Write down the ratio of the numbers To find the simple whole number ratio of bubbles at 20 degrees compared to bubbles at 30 degrees … 2. Find a number that will divide into both numbers to give a whole number – in this case 2 8 bubbles  2:14 bubbles  2 =4 bubbles:7 bubbles 3. You cannot divide any more without getting a fraction so … the simple whole number ratio is: 4 :7