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The Role of Insulin- Like Growth Factor-1 in Schizophrenia By Karen Kiernan
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Aim of Article Schizophrenia - Impaired Glucose Tolerance - Insulin Resistance - Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Antipsychotics?
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Aim of Article Role of IGF-1 deficiency - Insulin Resistance - Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia
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IGF-1 Protein Hormone Similar structure to Insulin Stimulates cell growth Inhibits apoptosis
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Experiment Patients with Schizophrenia - no previous treatment with psychotropic medication Healthy Comparison Subjects Low risk of Diabetes
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Simplified Indian Diabetes Risk Score Age [years] < 35 0 35 - 49 20 ≥ 50 30 Abdominal obesity Waist <80 cm [female], <90 [male] 0 Waist ≥ 80 – 89 cm [female], ≥ 90 – 99 cm [male] 10 Waist ≥90 cm [female], ≥ 100 cm [male] 20 Physical activity Exercise [regular] + strenuous work 0 Exercise [regular] or strenuous work 20 No exercise and sedentary work 30 Family history No family history 0 Either parent 10 Both parents 20 Minimum score 0 Maximum score 100
![Simplified Indian Diabetes Risk Score Age [years] < ≥ Abdominal obesity Waist <80 cm [female], <90 [male] 0 Waist ≥ 80 – 89 cm [female], ≥ 90 – 99 cm [male] 10 Waist ≥90 cm [female], ≥ 100 cm [male] 20 Physical activity Exercise [regular] + strenuous work 0 Exercise [regular] or strenuous work 20 No exercise and sedentary work 30 Family history No family history 0 Either parent 10 Both parents 20 Minimum score 0 Maximum score 100](http://images.slideplayer.com./28/9272881/slides/slide_6.jpg "Simplified Indian Diabetes Risk Score Age [years] < ≥ Abdominal obesity Waist <80 cm [female], <90 [male] 0 Waist ≥ 80 – 89 cm [female], ≥ 90 – 99 cm [male] 10 Waist ≥90 cm [female], ≥ 100 cm [male] 20 Physical activity Exercise [regular] + strenuous work 0 Exercise [regular] or strenuous work 20 No exercise and sedentary work 30 Family history No family history 0 Either parent 10 Both parents 20 Minimum score 0 Maximum score 100")
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Method 12 hour overnight fast - Glucose - Insulin - IGF-1
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Results Schizophrenia Patients - Glucose – Similar to healthy subjects - High Insulin - Low IGF-1 - High Insulin Resistance - Negative correlation between Insulin and IGF-1
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Connection with Schizophrenia? Deficiency of IGF-1 - Increased incidence of DM among patients with Schizophrenia - Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia itself?
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IGF-1 deficiency Low Birth Weight Leanness Decrease in stature All indicate increase risk of Schizophrenia Also - Negative Cancer correlation
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Genetics Chromosome 12p13-q13 - Linked with Schizophrenia - Close to gene coding for IGF-1
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Pathogenesis IGF-1 Neuro-protective Anti-apoptotic effect Crucial for optimal neurodevelopment
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Specific Hypothesis High concentrations of IGF-1 receptors in Hippocampus Hippocampus dysfunction in Schizophrenia - Auditory Hallucinations Higher deficiency of IGF-1 - More severe Auditory Hallucinations
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Conclusion Strong evidence of link More studies needed!
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Thank you for your attention
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Source Insulin and Insulin like growth factor1 anormalities in antipsychotic naive schizophrenia American Journal on Psychiatry, October 2007
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