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Pipeline Safety Trust 2015 Annual Conference

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Presentation on theme: "Pipeline Safety Trust 2015 Annual Conference"— Presentation transcript:

1 Pipeline Safety Trust 2015 Annual Conference
Pipeline Cracking & Leak Management Ken Lee – Director, Engineering & Research Division 1

2 PHMSA appreciates industry efforts to develop:
Recommended Practice 1176: Assessment and Management of Pipeline Cracking Recommended Practice 1175: Pipeline Leak Detection Program Management

3 New API Crack & Leak RPs RPs provide valuable guidance & insight
PHMSA is reviewing drafts and providing feedback to API PHMSA will review final RP and may consider for possible future incorporation by reference (entirety or portions)

4 Recent Incidents Highlighting Crack and Leak Detection Issues
Carmichael, MS San Bruno, CA Marshall, MI Mayflower, AR Allentown, PA

5 Pipeline Cracking Challenges
One of the top causes of pipeline failures Many cracks are difficult to detect with current inline inspection tools. In liquid pipelines, fatigue crack growth occurs from pressure cycling Current models may not predict failure

6 Leak Detection Challenges
Small leaks may be difficult to detect, especially in pipelines of: High volumes (> 10,000 barrels/ hour) Delivering batched or varying products Locations having other hydrocarbon sources Valve closure time

7 Table 1─Visualization of an Example LDP
Leak Detection Table 1─Visualization of an Example LDP Leak Type SCADA Monitoring CPM Public Awareness Aerial Surveillance In-line inspection Leak Rate ð Rupture ü N/A Medium Leak O Small Leak X Seep Time-to-Detect ð Detection Probable Detection Possible Detection Improbable

8 Leak Detection Systems
Externally-Based Internally-Based Physical Inspection Sensor-Based Monitoring Manual Observations Computational Pipeline Monitoring Non-Continuous Aerial Surveillance Ground Penetrating Radar Volume or Line Balance Calculations Ground Based Line Surveillance Sniffer Tubes Hydraulic Calculations Hydro Testing Tracer Chemicals Pattern Recognition Satellite Intelligent Pigs Shut-in Testing/Stand-up Testing  One Call System/ Public Awareness Soil Sampling Continuous Sensing Cables Controller SCADA Monitoring Conservation of Mass (real time) Cameras Real Time Line Balance Chemical Analyzers Pressure Monitoring Acoustic Sensors CP Monitoring Digital Signal Analysis Statistical Analysis

9 PHMSA Public Workshops
Managing Pipeline Cracking Challenges Workshop August 5, 2014 (Chicago, IL) Improving Pipeline Leak Detection Effectiveness March 27, 2012 (Washington, DC)

10 Crack & Leak Management
PHMSA is taking many approaches, including: Rulemaking Standards development Research

11 Regulations Research

12 Pipeline Safety RD&T Program Mission:
To sponsor research and development projects focused on providing near-term solutions that will improve the safety, reduce environmental impact, and enhance the reliability of the Nation’s pipeline transportation system. Key Points We employ a collaborative approach to address mutual challenges We help remove technical barriers on a given challenge We measure our research results/impacts We are transparent - Pipeline Safety Improvement Act of 2002 established our modern program

13 RD&T Program Objectives
Developing Technology Strengthening Consensus Standards Promoting Knowledge Fostering the development of new technologies so that pipeline operators can improve safety performance and more effectively address regulatory requirements. Targeting and feeding new knowledge into the process of keeping standards relevant to their purpose. Generating and promoting general knowledge to decision makers. Authorizations vs. Appropriations FY 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Authorization: $10M $11.7M $6.92M Appropriation: $4.8M $7.5M $7.8M $7.7M $6.9M $5.8M $12.3M

14 Performance Metrics (since 2002)
231 Projects, $90M PHMSA + $85M Resource Sharing Performance Metrics (since 2002)

15 Guided Wave Ultrasonics
PHMSA RD&T SUCCESSES Courtesy: CRC Evens Courtesy: Pipetel Technologies Courtesy: LASEN Courtesy: ITT Kodak Guided Wave Ultrasonics Courtesy: Pure Technologies Leak Detection Gas/Liq Leak Detection by Fixed Wing/ Helicopter along pipeline Hand-Held Tools for In-Ditch Inspections

16 ERW Pipe Seam Study

17 Lessons Learned – Steel Pipe
Data integration Conservative approach in sizing Tool tolerances Interaction of crack growth Material properties: toughness Fatigue crack growth model to predict remaining life Combination of tools: ILI, Direct, & Pressure Test Continuous reassessment

18 Improving In Ditch Methods

19 Full Scale Testing to Improve Models

20 Leak Detection Research

21 Research is pointing to:
X One size does not fit all

22 Summary Improving Crack & Leak Detection:
Remain to be difficult issues Are a high priority A one-size-fits-all solution is not likely Appropriate use of multiple tools may be needed

23 Thank you phmsa.dot.gov 23

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