1. State that the mobile phase may be a liquid or a gas.
Week 10
Describe chromatography as an analytical technique that separates components in a mixture.
State that the mobile phase may be a liquid or a gas.
State that the stationary phase may be a solid, or either a liquid or solid on a solid support.
State that a solid stationary phase separates by adsorption.
State that a liquid stationary phase separates by relative solubility.
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2. Separation of plant pigments by thin-layer chromatography
Week 10
Separation of plant pigments by thin-layer chromatography
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3. Separation by adsorption and by relative solubility
Week 10
Separation by adsorption and by relative solubility
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4. State that the solid stationary phase in TLC separates by adsorption.
Week 10
State that the mobile phase in TLC is a liquid and that the stationary phase is a solid on a solid support.
State that the solid stationary phase in TLC separates by adsorption.
Explain the term: Rf value, and interpret chromatograms in terms of Rf values.
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5. Running a TLC chromatogram
Week 10
Running a TLC chromatogram
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6. Measuring Rf values – for the green spot, x = 1.65 cm and y = 4.85 cm.
Week 10
Measuring Rf values – for the green spot, x = 1.65 cm and y = 4.85 cm.
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7. Explain the term: retention time.
Week 10
Explain the term: retention time.
Interpret gas chromatograms in terms of retention times and the approximate proportions of the components of a mixture.
Explain that analysis by gas chromatography has limitations.
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8. Stationary phase in a gas chromatography column
Week 10
Stationary phase in a gas chromatography column
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9. Equipment for gas chromatography
Week 10
Equipment for gas chromatography
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10. Gas chromatograph separating three components
Week 10
Gas chromatograph separating three components
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11. Week 10
Gas chromatogram of blood alcohols and related compounds showing retention times.
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12. Week 10
Explain that mass spectrometry can be combined with gas chromatography in GC–MS to provide a far more powerful analytical tool than gas chromatography alone.
Explain that the mass spectra generated can be analysed or compared with spectral databases for positive identification of a component.
State the use of GC–MS in analysis in forensics, environmental analysis, airport security and space probes.
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13. Week 10 Stages in GC–MS © Pearson Education Ltd 2009
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14. Nandrolone and 19-norandrosterone
Week 10
Nandrolone and 19-norandrosterone
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