1. How does Bram Stoker create a sense of menace in “Dracula”?

2. Dehumanisation Dehumanised Dehumanised means you’ve lost the things that make you human How is the character of Lucy dehumanised in this passage? Demonisation Demonisation takes this a step further! What do you think it means?

3. Dehumanisation The thing in the coffin writhed, and a hideous, bloodcurdling screech came from the opened red lips. The body shook and quivered and twisted in wild contortions. The sharp white teeth champed together till the lips were cut, and the mouth was smeared with a crimson foam.

4. Dehumanisation Point: What is the technique and how is it being used? Evidence: Find the shortest quotation that demonstrates this point. Effect: What is the precise effect on the reader (as a human being, or as a reader of this text)?

5. Extreme Experience In other words… describing characters and situations beyond normal experience What extremes do the characters, and the reader, experience in this writing?

6. Extreme Experience “His face was set, and high duty seemed to shine through it.” “The hammer fell from Arthur’s hand. He reeled and would have fallen had we not caught him. The great drops of sweat sprang from his forehead, and his breath came in broken gasps. It had indeed been an awful strain on him, and had he not been forced to his task by more than human considerations he could never have gone through with it.”

7. Extreme Experience Point: What is the technique and how is it being used? Evidence: Find the shortest quotation that demonstrates this point. Effect: What is the precise effect on the reader (as a human being, or as a reader of this text)?

8. Religious/Supernatural Language Choice of vocabulary can connect the reader to primitive fears or needs. To what do the religious and supernatural terms in the passage connect the reader?

9. Religious/Supernatural Language “Take this stake in your left hand, ready to place to the point over the heart, and the hammer in your right. Then when we begin our prayer for the dead, I shall read him, I have here the book, and the others shall follow, strike in God’s name, that so all may be well with the dead that we love and that the Un-Dead pass away.”

10. Religious/Supernatural Language Point: What is the technique and how is it being used? Evidence: Find the shortest quotation that demonstrates this point. Effect: What is the precise effect on the reader (as a human being, or as a reader of this text)?

11. Violent Imagery How detailed is the violence in this passage? Is any part of the violence left to the reader’s imagination?

12. Violent Imagery “Arthur placed the point over the heart, and as I looked I could see its dint in the white flesh. Then he struck with all his might.” “The thing in the coffin writhed, and a hideous, bloodcurdling screech came from the opened red lips. The body shook and quivered and twisted in wild contortions. The sharp white champed together till the lips were cut, and the mouth was smeared with a crimson foam. But Arthur never faltered. He looked like a figure of Thor as his untrembling arm rose and fell, driving deeper and deeper the mercy- bearing stake, whilst the blood from the pierced heart welled and spurted up around it.”

13. Violent Imagery Point: What is the technique and how is it being used? Evidence: Find the shortest quotation that demonstrates this point. Effect: What is the precise effect on the reader (as a human being, or as a reader of this text)?

14. Cold Violence Some of the violence in the passage is described in a matter of fact way. Is this more or less shocking than the more graphic descriptions?

15. Cold Violence “The Professor and I sawed the top off the stake, leaving the point of it in the body. Then we cut off the head and filled the mouth with garlic. We soldered up the leaden coffin, screwed on the coffin lid, and gathering up our belongings, came away.”

16. Cold Violence Point: What is the technique and how is it being used? Evidence: Find the shortest quotation that demonstrates this point. Effect: What is the precise effect on the reader (as a human being, or as a reader of this text)?

17. Taboo Subjects Taboos are social lines that shouldn’t be crossed. Which taboos are broken in this passage?

18. Taboo Subjects “Then when we begin our prayer for the dead, I shall read him, I have here the book, and the others shall follow, strike in God’s name, that so all may be well with the dead that we love and that the Un- Dead pass away.”

19. Taboo Subjects Point: What is the technique and how is it being used? Evidence: Find the shortest quotation that demonstrates this point. Effect: What is the precise effect on the reader (as a human being, or as a reader of this text)?