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Introduction of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics

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Presentation on theme: "Introduction of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics"— Presentation transcript:

1 Introduction of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
Dr. Muslim Suardi, MSi., Apt. Faculty of Pharmacy University of Andalas 2008

2 Biopharmaceutics “The study of the in vitro impact of the physicochemical properties of the drug & drug product on drug delivery to the body under normal or pathologic conditions”

3 Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics
The study of the absorption, distribution, biotransformation and elimination of xenobiotics. Pharmacodynamics The study of the biochemical & physiological effects of xenobiotics & their mechanisms of actions

4 Pharmacodynamics Biopharmaceutics Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacologic effect Drug in dosage form Release Peripheral Tissues Disolution GI Absorption Distribution Metabolism Pharmacokinetics Excretion

5 BIOPHARMACEUTICS Drug in dosage form Release
Drug particles in GIT fluids Dissolution Degradation Drug in solution GI Absorption Presystemic metabolism

6 PHARMACOKINETICS Peripheral Tissues Absorption Distribution
GI Absorption Distribution Liver /Metabolism Central Compartment Excretion Free  Bound

7 DETERMINANTS OF PHARMACOLOGIC EFFECT
Drug therapy is the major intervention available for the amelioration & palliative care of disease. The predominant role of pharmacotherapy in the management & prevention of disease necessitates a clear understanding of factors that influence the response to xenobiotics.

8 XENOBIOTICS Any compound to which the body is exposed but which is foreign to the body. This could be a drug or environmental chemical. Importantly, those principles that govern the disposition of & response to chemicals are the same with which we are concerned as it relates to drugs.

9 PRIMARY MEANS TO QUANTIFY DRUG EFFECT
ONSET DURATION INTENSITY

10 Evaluation of the onset, duration and intensity of xenobiotics leads to the observation of an important reality about pharmacologic effect: VARIABILITY !

11 CRITICAL NATURE OF THE CONCENTRATION-EFFECT RELATIONSHIP
Hardman et.al (eds), 1996.

12 The figure below illustrates the variability in response to IM 0
The figure below illustrates the variability in response to IM 0.02 mg/kg in a group of 27 subjects (Smith & Rawlins, 1973)

13 What conclusion do we draw from these facts?
Variability in drug concentration makes a major contribution to the observed variability in pharmacologic effect.

14 Important Facts Related to Drug Effect
There is significant variability in drug response Pharmacologic response is dependent, in large measure, on the concentration of drug achieved at the site of action There is significant variability in the drug concentration achieved after a standard dose of a drug


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