1. Fields of interest, tools, perpectives Collective excitations in fermionic systems: giant resonances in exotic nuclei, shell structure evolution, (fermionic atoms) Pairing: phase transition, Giant Pairing Vibrations Application to astrophysics: r process, neutron star crust, ultra-high energy cosmic rays Mean field + QRPA: Skyrme, coordinate representation Direct reactions : DSSSD, active targets, proton scattering Bubbles in exotic nuclei, detection of the GPV, relativistic approaches, GMR in neutron-rich nuclei, …

2. First measurement of the GMR and the GQR in an unstable nuclei : 56 Ni C. Monrozeau, E. Khan, Y. Blumenfeld et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (2008) 042501

3. Motivations: exotic modes ? Few measurements on GR in unstable nuclei IVGDR GQR and GMR soft modes are predicted ! Terasaki et al, Phys. Rev. C71 (2006) 34310

4. Motivations: equation of state GMR breathing mode density variation around  0 (few %) Nuclear equation of state E ISGMR along an isotopic chain (unstable nuclei) D.T.Khoa et al. Nucl. Phys. A602 (1996) 98 evolution of incompressibility with asymmetry Neutron stars and neutron excess determination of K  (symmetry energy term) : density

5. D.H. Younblood et al, Phys. Rev. Lett 76, 1429 (1996) 58 Ni  ’   =240 MeV Inelastic scattering : (d,d’)  ’  @ E  25 A.MeV GQR GMR GR in 58 Ni : analysis mixing 0 + and 2 + Experimental probes for isoscalar giant resonances

6. reverse kinematics unstable nuclei good detection efficiency thick target low intensity beam large solid angular coverage low energy threshold thin target ISGMR in unstable nuclei Time and Charge Projection Chamber Active target = target + detector deuterium gas : 1,6 mg/cm 2 (6,3 mg/cm 2 CD2 ) deuteron kinematics 56 Ni(d,d’) @ 50 MeV/A cathod Frisch grid beam amplification wires pads (cathod) detection zone active zone

7. MAYA 56 Ni @ 50 MeV/A 5.10 4 pps July 2005, GANIL SISSI beam Experimental setup Au foil Drift chamber Ionisation chamber Moving flap Si wall CsI wall Diamond 56 Ni (5.10 4 pps) 50 A.MeV + contaminants

8. GMR+GQR Results 56 Ni excitation energy spectrum recoiling d kinematics

9. Analysis with gaussian fit E* (MeV) Counts/MeV Reaction : DWBA with double folding using HF and RPA 56 Ni gs and transition densities Angular distributions

10. Multipole Decomposition Analysis

11. Isoscalar GMR and GQR measured in the 56 Ni unstable nucleus Use of MAYA active target with d gas 16h of 10 4 pps beam Results compatible with the 58 Ni (stable) data The method works ! Improvements : identification & d breakup, reaction model Next : neutron rich Ni isotopes, 132 Sn ACTAR active target Summary & outlooks first (p,p’) experiment in inverse kinematics ! G. Kraus et al. Phys Rev. Lett. 73 (1994) 1773

12. Collaboration C.Monrozeau 1, E.Khan 1, Y. Blumenfeld 1, C-E.Demonchy 3,W. Mittig 5, P.Roussel-Chomaz 5 D.Beaumel 1, M.Caamaño 2,D.Cortina-Gil 2,J.P. Ebran 1 N.Frascaria 1, U.Garg 4, M.Gelin 5, A.Gillibert 6, D.Gupta 1, N. Keeley 6, F.Maréchal 7, A.Obertelli 6, J-A.Scarpaci 1 1 Institut de Physique Nucléaire (IN2P3/CNRS), 91406 Orsay Cedex, France 2 Univ. Santiago de Compostela, E-15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain 3 Univ. of Liverpool, Dep. of Physics, Olivier Lodge Lab., Liverpool L69 7ZE, U.K. 4 Univ. of Notre-Dame, Dep. of Physics, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA 5 GANIL (DSM/CEA, IN2P3/CNRS), BP 5027, 14076 Caen Cedex 5, France 6 CEA/DSM/DAPNIA/SPhN, Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France 7 Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IN2P3/CNRS), BP 28, 67037 Strasbourg, France

16. Motivations: K ∞ Skyrme & Gogny K  = 235  12 MeV Relativistic MF K  = 250 – 270 MeV E ISGMR (self-consistent CHF) Energy Functional E[ρ] K ∞ in nuclear matter (analytic) (N=Z and no Coulomb interaction) E( ,  ) = E( ,0) + a sym (  )  2 +... 208 Pb neutron excess nucleus G. Colò et al. (Phys. Rev. C70 (2004) 024307) measure E ISGMR along an isotopic chain (unstable nuclei) probe the effect of the symmetry term N.B. : macroscopic method needs data on the nuclear chart Microscopic method

17. 56 Ni(d,d’) with the active target MAYA 56 Ni unstable (10 6 pps @ GANIL) A NEW EXPERIMENTAL METHOD 25cm 20cm 28cm 2 H gas He gas

20. Primary: 58 Ni, 75 MeV/A, 0.7 kW (July 05) target: C (78 mg/cm 2 ) + SISSI Secondary: 56 Ni, 50 MeV/A, 5.10 4 pps 56 Ni excitation energy spectrum Maya beam 56 Ni(d,d’) First measurement of isoscalar giant resonances in an unstable nucleus