1. Antarctica

2. Map of Antarctica

3. Discovery
Captain Cook - his wooden ship could not penetrate the ice ring.
James Weddell (Sealing)
Whalers came
Roald Amundsen reaches South Pole
Shackleton stuck in ice
1959 – Antarctic Treaty

5. Amundsen’s Discovery of South Pole

6. Roald Amundsen Race with Scott
Dogs instead of horses and motorized sleds
Ate dogs as supply sleds didn’t need them
Reached Pole on December 16, 1911
Placed the flag of Norway

7. Robert Scott Entire expedition dies.
Race with Amundsen
Took Siberian horses
Motorized sleds quickly broke down
Refused to eat dogs
Horses died
Men had to pull
Pole January 17, 1912
All men died on return

8. Sir Ernest Shackleton Stuck in Ice – Lost Ship

9. Plants 2 Flowering Plants Pearlwort Grass Only on Antarctic Peninsula
There are also bacteria, molds, yeast, algae and fungi

10. Antarctic Birds
Snow Petrels
Terns
Fulmars
Cape Pigeons
Skuas
Penguins

11. Snow Petrel
Small as a robin
Dart over ocean like large mosquitoes

12. Skua Has hooked bill Has sharp claws Feeds only ashore
Eats penguin eggs
Eats weak penguin chicks

13. Albatross
These birds roam the oceans at the bottom of the world.

14. Penguins 18 species of penguins 4 live in Antarctica Emperor Adelie
Southern Gentoos
Chinstrap

15. Emperor Largest of all penguins
Hatch eggs during coldest winter months
Female lays egg in May
Male hatches egg for 2 months and loses 40% of body weight
Female takes over

16. Adelie
Most numerous
Named after Captain d’Urville’s wife
Very small

17. Southern Gentoos Live on peninsula 2-1/2 feet tall Gentle and timid
White connected patches above eyes

18. Chinstrap
Black marking under chin from ear to ear

19. Whales
Baleen
Toothed

20. Blue Whales - Baleen Baleen whale – strain food, mostly krill
Largest animal in the world
200,00 pounds - More than 5,700 mid-sized cars!
100 feet long

21. Humpback - Baleen Filters food Eats mainly krill Is less streamlined
Has long flippers

22. Sperm Whale - Toothed Uses echo sounding to find prey
Can dive 3,000 feet
Only males migrate to Antarctica

23. Orcas – Toothed Whales Resembles a dolphin Largest carnivore
Eats seals and penguins
Hunt in packs
Will even bump icebergs to knock off penguins

24. Seals
Crabeaters
Leopard
Ross
Weddell
Southern Elephant

25. Seals
Live in groups called pods
Six species live in Antarctica

26. Elephant – Crabeater - Leopard
Elephant – largest
Crabeaters
Leopard

27. Southern Elephant Seals
Weigh up to 8,000 lbs.
Largest of the world’s seals

28. Southern Fur Seals
Were nearly wiped out by seal hunters in the nineteenth century
Live in groups - pods
Have paddle like flippers or fins
Have a thick layer of blubber

29. Southern Fur Seal