1. The Israelites
Chapter 6

2. Lesson 1 - Beginnings Monotheistic Prophets were sent As messengers
Said that God created and ruled world
Said that God was powerful, but good and just; wants goodness
Connect through prayer, religious study; good acts

3. Lesson 1 – Beginnings (cont.)
The Hebrew Bible
Recorded history and beliefs
AKA Tanakh
Followers known as Jews
Influential
Christianity and Islam
Many shared beliefs and customs

4. Lesson 1 – Beginnings (cont.)
Abraham
Egypt’s empire ended; new kingdoms form
Israelites were herders, traders
Told to settle in Canaan; promised to his descendants
Known as the “Promised Land”

5. Lesson 1 – Beginnings (cont.)
Isaac and Jacob
Jacob given name Israel “One who struggles with God”
Descendants became leaders of tribes, Twelve Tribes of Israel
Leave Canaan due to famine; Egypt
Pharaoh places Israelites into slavery

6. Lesson 1 – Beginnings (cont.)
Moses and the Exodus
Burning Bush; told by God to go to Pharaoh
10 Plagues sent on Egypt
Locusts, disease
Israelites released; pharaoh changes mind
Red Sea; God parts waters to allow escape; drowns pursuing Egyptians

7. Lesson 1 – Beginnings (cont.)
The Covenant
Israelites will return safely to Canaan if they follow teachings
Moses climbs Mt. Sinai
Receives Torah
10 Commandments
Loyalty to God
Name of God not misused
Worship of other gods prohibited

8. Lesson 1 – Beginnings (cont.)
Ten Commandments
Shapes moral principles of many nations
Promoted social justice and feeling of community
Democratic belief that laws should apply equally to all.

9. Compare and Contrast
How did the Israelites’ beliefs differ from the beliefs of most other ancient peoples?

10. The Land of Canaan New leader: Joshua Canaanites
Canaan occupied by Canaanites, Philistine
Canaanites
Nomadic; herders
Phoenicians
Sailors, traders
Controlled shipping
Purple dye
Carthage: most important city in western Mediterranean
Alphabet; spread of culture

11. Land of Canaan (cont.) Philistines “Sea People” Walled cities
Skilled in weaponry; iron tools
Strong army
Kept own language, religion
Accepted many ideas from other cultures

12. Land of Canaan (cont.) Military Conquests
Believed Canaan was God’s will
Joshua
Series of Battles
Jericho
Marched around walls of city
Priests blew trumpets
7th day: walls collapsed
Conquered land divided among 12 tribes
Judges rule after Joshua’s death
Settled disputes, led battles
Deborah; wisdom and bravery

13. Land of Canaan (cont.) Life in Canaan Herders; farmers Stored water
Rocky countryside
Two level homes
Mud brick walls; clay floor
Animals kept downstairs; people slept top level

14. Life in Canaan (cont.) Tabernacle Large tent-like structure
Believed it housed God’s presence
Portable; built at Shiloh
Housed Ark of Covenant
Held Ten Commandments
Sign of God’s presence; ensure victory

17. The Israelite Kingdom Early Kings
Settled Canaan; developed culture, alphabet, calendar
Philistines move inland
Israelites demand king to unite tribes for battle

18. The Israelite Kingdom Saul Israelites asked Samuel to choose a king
Samuel warns king would tax and enslave them
Samuel anoints Saul as first king
Win many battles
Disobeys God’s instructions
Loses favor of people

19. The Israelite Kingdom David Fought a giant and won
Saul puts David in charge of his army
Win many victories
Saul jealous; tries to kill David
Saul dies in battle; David becomes King

20. David’s Accomplishments
Unites tribes of Israel
Defeats Philistines
Establishes capital city, Jerusalem
Accomplished musician; author of many psalms
Israel very prosperous
Honored as greatest king after his death

21. King Solomon Brought long period of peace Constructed many cities
Built first temple in Jerusalem
Held the Ark of the Covenant
Wrote many proverbs
Forced high taxes

22. Two Kingdoms 10 Northern tribes rebel against Jerusalem
Found separate kingdom called Israel
2 other tribes remained in Jerusalem
Found kingdom of Judah
Split politically, not religiously
Threatened by neighbors

23. Fall of Israel Assyrians Forced tribute; Israel refused
Assyrians invade; capture cities, including Samaria
Forced Israelites to relocate
New culture emerges; Samaritans
Samaritans adopt many religious beliefs
Little in common with Israelites

24. Fall of Judah Nebuchadnezzar
Forces people to leave Jerusalem; go to Babylon
Chooses new king to rule Judah
Plots to free Judah
Prophet Jeremiah warns against rebellion
Chaldeans retook Jerusalem in 586 B.C.
Levels Jerusalem to the ground; destroys temple
Babylonian exile

25. The Jews in the Mediterranean World
Under Persian control for 200 years
Alexander the Great
Defeats the Greeks
Allows the Jews to stay in Judah
Jews living outside of homeland: Diaspora “scattered”
Remained loyal; many learned language and customs
Jewish scholars translate Hebrew Bible into Greek: Septuagint
Spreads Judaism throughout Mediterranean

26. Revolt of the Maccabeus
Seleucids ruled kingdom Judah was in
King Antiochus IV required worship of Greek gods
Jews refused
Judas Maccabeus leads revolt
Formed army; fought battles
Captured the Temple; cleared it of statues of Greek gods
Rededicate the temple; Festival of Hannukah

27. Roman Rule in Judaea 100 B.C. Romans controlled Mediterranean
Romans rename Judah, Judaea
Herod chosen to rule as king
Built 2nd Temple in Jerusalem

28. Groups of Jews Pharisees Sadducees Essenes
Stressed written and oral law
Priests and scribes
Priests who broke from temple in Jerusalem
Free from Roman rule
Accepted laws of Torah
Prayed and waited for deliverance from Roman rule
Do not fight, but resist control
Rejected Oral teachings
Written law
Greater devotion
Cooperation with Romans
Dead Sea scrolls
Common people
Wealthy people

29. Jewish-Roman Wars Zealots Wanted to fight for their freedom
Defeated small Roman army in Jerusalem
4 years later Romans took it back; killed thousands of Jews
Destroyed the second Temple
Another revolt; imposed stricter laws on the Jews
Renamed Judaea, Palestine