1. Women in European History

2. 15 th – 17 th Centuries Renaissance Reformation

3. Renaissance Marriage Social class Important rulers Witches

4. Marriage & Family Nuclear family Economic foundation Age – under 20, men – mid to late 20s Infanticide Divorce was very limited Sexual double standard More prostitution

5. Social Class Wealthy women Increased access to education Ornaments to husbands

6. Important Women Isabella I Mary Tudor Elizabeth I Catherine de Medici Christine de Pisan Isabella d’Este

7. Witches 1484 – officially made witchcraft part of Church dogma Older women, mid-wives, single

8. Reformation Protestant v Catholic

9. Protestant Homemaker Companionate marriage Increased literacy Sex is good in marriage

10. Catholic Women had opportunities in religious orders No divorce

11. 18 th Century Agricultural Revolution Industrial Revolution Enlightenment French Revolution

12. Agricultural Revolution Effects Enclosure movement Growth of cottage industry urbanization-domestic work, prostitution, autonomy

13. Industrial Revolution Factory work Family wage economy

14. Marriage & Family Based more on love Age – late 20s Growing pop of single middle class women Childcare – nurture/spoil Smaller families Increase in illegitimate births

15. Enlightenment Decrease in witch hunts Organized salons Difficulty embracing enlightenment ideology for women’s freedom

16. French Revolution Bread riots (March on Versailles) Olympe de Gouges, The Rights of Women Mary Wollstonecraft, A vindication of theh Rights of Woman Participation with sans-culottes

17. Napoleonic France Women viewed as legal incompetents Few rights Patriarchal political system

18. 19 th Century Marriage & Family Social roles

19. Marriage & Family Romantic love ideal Small family, loving relationship with kids Middle class more aware economically Illegitimacy declined Middle class more dependent on parents

20. Social Roles Spheres of work separated for men and women Victorian ideal of domesticity Working class – most worked outside home Middle class – organizing for women’s rights Marxism – women are equally oppressed

21. Socialism and women Catholic orders organized schools and hospitals Temperance Education Peace

22. 20 th Century Legal right to wages and property Legal right to work without husband’s permission Some countries legalized divorce Women’s suffrage (WWI) Fascist nations – traditional roles Postwar – restricted in employment