1. French and American Revolution

2. Both the French and American Revolutions are based on Enlightenment ideas
The American Revolution created the independent United States of America, a country that became the epitome of modern democracy
The French Revolution, partially inspired by the American Revolution, inspired the rise of nationalism and the formation of nation-states in Europe

3. The American War for Independence
In 1776, 13 English Colonies along the Eastern Coast of the New World (America) declared independence from the British empire
7 years later, the Treaty of Paris was signed declaring the United States a free and sovereign country

4. Background: THE FORMATION OF AMERICAN COLONIES
Why did settlements in the Americas become attractive to European citizens in the 15th century?
What benefits did they get from the American colonies?

5. Background: THE FORMATION OF AMERICAN COLONIES
the colonies were home to diverse religions and ethnic groups
social distinctions were more blurred than in Europe
There was a good deal of political discussions
Colonists felt entitled to the rights of the English citizens
Colonists shared respect of individual enterprise and a growing self-confidence

6. The Thirteen Colonies

7. What was the French and Indian War
What was the French and Indian War? What were its effects to Britain, to American colonists, and to Indians?

8. Explain the following policies:
Hat Act
Iron Act
Stamp Act
Townshend Act
Tea Act

10. What was the significance of the Boston Massacre to the American War of Independence?

11. What was the Intolerable Acts?
What is the Continental Congress?

14. What were the CAUSES and EFFECTS of the American Revolution?
Unfair taxes
Boston Massacre
Enlightenment ideas
Sense of identity (among the American colonists)
EFFECTS
Declaration of Independence
Creation of a free Republic
Bill of Rights and Constitution
Influenced the French Revolution

15. From the Middle Ages, France had one of the strongest monarchies in Europe
However, the system of inequality brought about deep public discontent
France’s absolute monarchy was eventually replaced by a republic
The Revolution’s final stage is the Napoleonic Era
The French Revolution

16. What are the three Estates?
What are the concerns of each estate that led to the calling of the Estates General?
What were the causes of France’s financial crisis?

19. What was the motto of the French Revolution?

21. What was the significance of the storming of Bastille?
What political changes were brought about by the French Revolution (immediate, mid-term, long term)?
What were the four stages of the French Revolution?

23. Declaration of rights

24. Louis XVI
Marie Antoinette
Sans Cullotes
Jacobins
Robespierre
Napoleon Buonaparte

25. Corrupt, inconsistent, and insensitive leadership
Long term causes
Corrupt, inconsistent, and insensitive leadership
prosperous members of the Third Estate resent the First and Second Estate
Enlightenment Ideas
Immediate causes
Huge government debt, poor harvest and rising price of bread; Failure of king to bring financial reform
Forming of National Assembly; Storming of Bastille
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
Immediate Effects
France adopts the first written constitution; French feudalism ends
Declaration of the Rights of Men and Citizens; Monarchy abolished
Revolutionary France fights coalition of European powers; Reign of Terror
Long term effects
Napoleon gains power
Napoleonic Code established
French conquests sparks Nationalism; French public schools set up