1. International Human Rights: A Very Brief Introduction David Kaye UCLA School of Law HRW Training of Trainers Workshop August 6, 2009

2. What are international human rights? What makes something human? A right? What makes it an international right? What makes something human? A right? What makes it an international right? Naturally inhere in humans, regardless of law? Naturally inhere in humans, regardless of law? Aspirational? Legal and binding? Aspirational? Legal and binding? How do they differ from constitutional rights? How do they differ from constitutional rights? Internationally recognized? Internationally recognized? Enforceable? Enforceable?

3. A Few Landmarks The Atlantic Charter and the four freedoms The Atlantic Charter and the four freedoms Nuremberg Trials Nuremberg Trials Universal Declaration of Human Rights Universal Declaration of Human Rights Genocide Convention Genocide Convention Geneva Conventions Geneva Conventions Refugee Convention Refugee Convention International Covenants International Covenants CEDAW, CERD, Rights of the Child, CRPD CEDAW, CERD, Rights of the Child, CRPD

4. The variety of human rights norms Security, integrity and autonomy of the person Security, integrity and autonomy of the person Individual freedom of identity (e.g., expression, association, religion, political participation, social and cultural) Individual freedom of identity (e.g., expression, association, religion, political participation, social and cultural) Non-discrimination in the exercise of rights Non-discrimination in the exercise of rights Economic security and freedom Economic security and freedom Protection of civilians and non-combatants during war Protection of civilians and non-combatants during war

5. Perennial Questions Sovereignty versus Rights Sovereignty versus Rights Guarantees versus widespread adherence Guarantees versus widespread adherence Universalism versus regionalism Universalism versus regionalism What applies in times of war? What applies in times of war? Enforcement of binding norms Enforcement of binding norms The Role of Civil Society The Role of Civil Society