1. www.opticalimaging.org Tutorial on Computational Optical Imaging University of Minnesota 19-23 September David J. Brady Duke University www.disp.duke.edu

2. www.opticalimaging.org Lectures Computational Imaging Geometric Optics and Tomography Fresnel Diffraction Holography Lenses, Imaging and MTF Wavefront Coding Interferometry and the van Cittert Zernike Theorem Optical coherence tomography and modal analysis Spectra, coherence and polarization Computational spectroscopy and imaging

3. www.opticalimaging.org Lecture 8. Optical Coherence Tomography and Modal Analysis Optical coherence tomography and biophotonics The Constant Radiance Theorem

4. www.opticalimaging.org Imaging as photon binning

5. www.opticalimaging.org The Constant Radiance Theorem

6. www.opticalimaging.org Coherent Mode Decomposition

7. www.opticalimaging.org Transformation of W on propagation

8. www.opticalimaging.org Transformation of coherent mode distribution

9. www.opticalimaging.org

10. Measurement and CRT

11. www.opticalimaging.org Significance if coherent modes are known

12. www.opticalimaging.org Significant if coherent nodes are unknown Coherent modes for 3D incoherent sources

13. www.opticalimaging.org Biophotonics Joseph Izatt Biophotonics Laboratory, Fitzpatrick Center for Photonics and Communication Systems Biomedical Engineering Department Duke University

14. www.opticalimaging.org Biophotonic Technologies Optical Ranging and Tomography Multiphoton Microscopy Evanescent Wave Techniques

15. www.opticalimaging.org Tissue Spectroscopy

16. www.opticalimaging.org Photon Migration

17. www.opticalimaging.org Functional Imaging

18. www.opticalimaging.org

19. OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY Transverse Resolution:  x Confocal resolving power N.A. Numerical aperture Longitudinal Resolution:  L Round-trip coherence envelope FWHM  Source bandwidth FWHM ~ 1.5 - 15  m ~ 2 - 25  m

20. www.opticalimaging.org ENDOSCOPIC OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY EOCT Probe: 2 m long 2.4 mm dia Rotates 4 - 6.67 Hz

21. www.opticalimaging.org Esophagus IN VIVO HUMAN ENDOSCOPIC OCT Stomach Small Intestine Colon Rectum

22. www.opticalimaging.org E - Squamous Epithelium LP - Lamina Propria MM - Muscularis Mucosa SubM - Submucosa MP - Muscularis Propria BV - Blood Vessels G - Glands D - Duct Normal Esophagus IN VIVO HUMAN UPPER ENDOSCOPIC OCT E BV SubM LP+MM MP G G D E LP+MM SubM MP Aggressive Contact Suction

23. www.opticalimaging.org B – Barrett’s Esophagus A – Adenocarcinoma CANCER IMAGING WITH ENDOSCOPIC OCT Invasive Adenocarcinoma in Barrett’s Esophagus 1 mm B A

24. www.opticalimaging.org REAL-TIME, VIDEO-CORRELATED SLITLAMP-MOUNTED OPHTHALMIC OCT 6 mm depth x 14 mm width 3.5 mm depth x 6 mm width Virtual aiming beam

25. www.opticalimaging.org REAL TIME OCT IN EXPERIMENTAL RETINAL SURGERY RPE Blood Vessel Photoreceptor Layer RFNL Ganglion Cell Layer Choriocapillaris Vitreous Ti:Sapphire Femtosecond Laser RSOD 2KHz Detector 50/50 BPF Logarithmic Demodulation Processing, Display, and Archiving CCD Illumination Sample Dichroic Mirror XY Scanning 78 D Volk Lens 0 =800 nm  =90 nm 1” H 2 O

26. www.opticalimaging.org St.15 Chick embryo Histology Real-Time OCT CARDIAC MORPHOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT IN CHICK EMBRYOS

27. www.opticalimaging.org Theory of OCT

28. www.opticalimaging.org

31. Interesting Mathematical Issues Can a general theory of association between optical representation parameters and digital measurements be developed? Is a general theory of imaging metrics possible? What about tissue? What are ideal optical measures of tissue?