1. Do Now HOW MANY SHIPS PASS THROUGH THE PANAMA CANAL IN A YEAR? THE PANAMA CANAL SAVES HOW MANY MILES? HOW MUCH DID IT COST TO BUILD? HOW MANY PEOPLE LOST THEIR LIVES BUILDING IT?

2. L.O: SWBAT L.O. The student will analyze the physical and human factors on the creation of the Panama Canal DOL: Given 4 questions students will analyze the impact of the panama canal by correcting answer 3 of the questions

3. The Panama Canal “THE LAND DIVIDED, THE WORLD UNITED”

4. Whose Canal?  1850, U.S. & Great Britain made a treaty agreeing to joint control of any future canal in Panama or Nicaragua  Columbia, who controlled Panama, made a separate agreement with France.  1882, the French started building the canal, but abandoned it after 8 years and a loss of 20,000 workers to yellow fever & malaria

5.  U.S. interest in the canal zone was raised after the Spanish-American War, but the U.S. could not start building the canal on its own

6. TR “took the Canal Zone”  1901, TR made a new treaty with Great Britain, allowing the U.S. to be the sole builders, operators, & defenders of a canal in Panama  TR offered the Columbians $10 mil, plus $250,000 in annual rent payments for the canal, but Columbians refused.  TR took his argument to the press, & Panamanian nationalists were encouraged to rebel against the Columbians.

7.  Nov. 2, 1903, the USS Nashville arrived in the Panamanian port of Colon  Encouraged by this display of support, the Panamanians rebelled, & on Nov. 3, they declared their independence.  When TR received the news, he recognized Panama as a nation immediately, & less than 2 weeks later, the Panamanians gave the U.S. a larger canal zone on TR’s terms.

8. Building the Canal  Before building could begin, the malaria- and yellow fever-carrying mosquitoes had to be destroyed.  Building began in 1906.  The workers  Most were black West Indians  Most had only cut sugar cane all their lives – had to learn quickly, & they did.

9. The Task  Workers had to remove 232 million cubic yards of earth, mostly by hand while laboring in the mud & sweltering heat  Three pairs of locks were build to lift and lower the ships.  Completed in 1914

10. Results of Building the Panama Canal  Cost the U.S. $350 mil and 5,600 lives  Much quicker route between the Atlantic & Pacific Oceans  America could now extend its influence.  Video if time: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EGMBUzFyVl 4

11. Question 1 1. Which geographic featue played a role in the construction of the Panama Canal? A. Workers faced attacks by Panamanian nationalist b. heavy rains and monsoons led to frequent mud slides C. Cutting through bedrock could be done with heavy machinery d. similar elevations of the Atlantic and pacific oceans made for swift construction  DOL

12.  Question 2 Which two individuals are described in the columns A and B? a. Moorfield Story and Woodrow Wilson b. Alfred Thayer Mahan and Stanford B. Dole c. John Hay and William Howard Taft d. Theodore Roosevelt and Andrew Carnegie Person APerson B Supported building of Panama Canal Helped overthrow Queen Liliuokalani Leading imperialist who urged Americans to increase their navy Served as president and governor of Hawaii

13.  Question 3  As a result of the Spanish-American war, the U.S. saw the need to build the Panama Canal because-  A. new colonies had been acquired in Africa  B. Spanish opposition to the Canal  C. the U.S. navy could then move more quickly between oceans  D. U.S. railroads could not transport enough manufactured goods