1. Bond Types

2. Bond Types: At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: 1. Identify 5 different bond types 2. Explain each bond type 3. List 3 differences between a polar covalent and non-polar covalent bond

3. Why God Made Moms Answers given by 2nd grade school children to the following questions: What did mom need to know about dad before she married him? 1. His last name. 2. She had to know his background. Like is he a crook? 3.Does he get drunk on beer? 4.Does he make at least $800 a year? 5.Did he say NO to drugs and YES to chores?

4. Ionic Bonds Transfer of electrons from the metal (cation) to the nonmetal (anion). Transfer of electrons from the metal (cation) to the nonmetal (anion). Electrical attraction between large numbers of cations and anions Electrical attraction between large numbers of cations and anions Ion = a charged particle Ion = a charged particle Cation = + charged particle Cation = + charged particle –Loves to give electrons away –Low Ionization Energy & Electronegativity –Typically are metals

5. Ionic Bonds (cont.) Anion = - charged particle Anion = - charged particle –Loves to accept electrons –High Ionization Energy & Electronegativity –Typically are nonmetals Electronegativity difference >1.7 Electronegativity difference >1.7 Ionic Compounds are polar

6. Ionic Bonds (cont.)

7. If a bond is ionic: If a bond is ionic: –The compound will fall apart (dissociate) into its original ions when dissolved in water –If a conductivity test is performed, the light bulb will… light!

8. Li F Ionic Bond Example: 2121 2121

9. 2121 2121 Li F Ionic Bond Example:

10. Li +1 F -1 2121 2121 The attraction between a cation and an anion. Ionic Bond Example:

12. Covalent Bonds Formed when 2 nonmetal atoms share electrons Occurs most often between nonmetals

13. Polar Covalent Bonds Unequal sharing of electrons Unequal sharing of electrons Electrons attracted more to the atom with the higher electronegativity Electrons attracted more to the atom with the higher electronegativity Electronegativity difference is between 0.4 – 1.7 Electronegativity difference is between 0.4 – 1.7 Polar Covalent Bonds dissolve in water Polar Covalent Bonds dissolve in water –Why? The light bulb doesn’t light up. Why??? The light bulb doesn’t light up. Why???

14. Polar Covalent Bonds

15. Non-polar Covalent Bonds Equal sharing of electrons Electronegativity difference is between basically 0. (0 – 0.3) Usually found between diatomic molecules – two of the same atoms When there are multiple atoms that make up the compound and the difference of EN would suggest it is polar, it will be nonpolar Non-polar covalent bonds don’t dissolve in water and no conductivity. Can be a solid, liquid or gas Can be a solid, liquid or gas

16. Non-polar Covalent Bonds

17. Covalent Bond Example: H2H2 H2H2

18. Each hydrogen is sharing its electron so they both look like helium electronically!! P +1 It’s like both atoms have a filled orbital.

19. You Might Be a Hittite If… You missed your 5th grade graduation because you were on jury duty. You think fast food is hitting a deer at 65 mph.

20. Metallic Bonds Bond formed between multiple metal atoms. Bond formed between multiple metal atoms. Electrons are free to move within electron clouds of all metal ions = Electrons are free to move within electron clouds of all metal ions = Sea of Electrons Electrons are delocalized – they don’t belong to any one atom anymore. Electrons are delocalized – they don’t belong to any one atom anymore. In metals, p-orbitals and some d-orbitals are completely vacant and overlap each atom. In metals, p-orbitals and some d-orbitals are completely vacant and overlap each atom.

21. Metallic Bonds

22. Metallic Bond Example:

23. Chemical Bonds Stronger Weaker

24. Bond Types: Let’s see if you can: 1. Identify 3 different bond types 2. Explain each bond type 3. List 3 differences between a polar covalent and non-polar covalent bond

25. Honors: Review Bonds So Far…. Turn to page 5 in your packet and complete the chart. Turn to page 5 in your packet and complete the chart. Pair check with your neighbor Pair check with your neighbor Answer any questions that are giving you any difficulty. Answer any questions that are giving you any difficulty. HL = complete any problems on page 25 that you can HL = complete any problems on page 25 that you can

26. Bond Types (cont.)

27. Bond Types: At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: 1. Identify 2 intermolecular bond types 2. Explain each bond type

28. Hydrogen Bonds Intermolecular forces – attraction between molecules Intermolecular forces – attraction between molecules Some hydrogen containing compounds are extremely polar Some hydrogen containing compounds are extremely polar –HF, H 2 O, NH 3 –Large electronegativity differences cause this The hydrogen atom in the molecule is attracted to the unshared pair of electrons on another molecule The hydrogen atom in the molecule is attracted to the unshared pair of electrons on another molecule

29. Hydrogen Bond Example:

30. Professional Hittite Engineer Exam If your uncle builds a still that operates at a capacity of 20 gallons of shine produced per hour, how many car radiators are required to condense the product?

31. Van der Waals Bonds These bonds are important for Noble Gases These bonds are important for Noble Gases Very weak bonds Very weak bonds Electrons of Noble Gases get shifted to one side causing it to attract a slightly positive atom that is nearby. Electrons of Noble Gases get shifted to one side causing it to attract a slightly positive atom that is nearby.

32. Van der Waals Bond Example:

33. Bond Types: Let’s see if you can: 1. Identify 5 different bond types 2. Explain each bond type 3. List 3 differences between a polar covalent and non-polar covalent bond

34. A State Trooper stopped a pickup truck. He asked the driver, "Got any ID?“ The driver said, “’Bout what?" Hittite News:

35. What type of bond contains an active metal (far left) and a nonmetal? 1. metallic 2. covalent 3. ionic 4. hydrogen 1234567891011121314151617181920 21222324252627282930

36. What type of bond contains a nonmetal bonded with a nonmetal? 1. 1. metallic 2. 2. covalent 3. 3. ionic 4. 4. hydrogen 1234567891011121314151617181920 21222324252627282930

37. What type of bond contains a metalloid and a nonmetal? 1. metallic 2. covalent 3. ionic 4. hydrogen 5. Vander der Walls 1234567891011121314151617181920 21222324252627282930

38. What type of bond would form the alloy, pewter, with tin and lead? 1. metallic 2. covalent 3. ionic 4. hydrogen 5. Vander der Walls 1234567891011121314151617181920 21222324252627282930

39. What type of bond would form when a hydrogen atom in the molecule is attracted to the unshared pair of electrons on another molecule? 1. metallic 2. covalent 3. ionic 4. hydrogen 5. Vander der Waals 1234567891011121314151617181920 21222324252627282930

40. N 2 is a(n)? 1. anion 2. cation 3. diatomic molecule 4. polyatomic ion 1234567891011121314151617181920 21222324252627282930

41. N 2 is an example of a(n) ___ bond? 1. metallic 2. polar covalent 3. ionic 4. nonpolar covalent 1234567891011121314151617181920 21222324252627282930

42. N 3- is a(n)? 1. 1. anion 2. 2. cation 3. 3. diatomic molecule 4. 4. polyatomic ion 1234567891011121314151617181920 21222324252627282930

43. NH 4 + is a(n)? 1. 1. anion 2. 2. cution 3. 3. diatomic molecule 4. 4. polyatomic ion 1234567891011121314151617181920 21222324252627282930

44. Na + is a(n)? 1. 1. anion 2. 2. cation 3. 3. diatomic molecule 4. 4. polyatomic ion 1234567891011121314151617181920 21222324252627282930

45. CsCl is an example of a(n) ___ bond? 1. metallic 2. polar covalent 3. ionic 4. nonpolar covalent 1234567891011121314151617181920 21222324252627282930

46. Fe with Cr is an example of a(n) ___ bond? 1. metallic 2. polar covalent 3. ionic 4. nonpolar covalent 1234567891011121314151617181920 21222324252627282930

47. H 2 O is an example of a(n) ___ bond? 1. metallic 2. polar covalent 3. ionic 4. nonpolar covalent 1234567891011121314151617181920 21222324252627282930

48. CuCl is an example of a(n) ___ bond? 1. metallic 2. polar covalent 3. ionic 4. nonpolar covalent 1234567891011121314151617181920 21222324252627282930