1. The Beginning of the End o In March 1918, after the Russian Revolution, Russia signs a truce with Germany o Many fresh American troops boost the allies morale and fighting strength o Nationalist revolutions tear Austria-Hungary apart and they exit the war o British blockade cripples German industry o Morale of German people and army crumbles o German army realizes it has neither the will, the men or the supplies to continue to fight

2. The Conclusion World War I begins to conclude on 11/11/1918 Germany and the Allies agree to an armistice, or agreement to stop fighting. Two months later there is a meeting in Paris to decide the peace terms. They sign a document called the Treaty of Versailles on June 28, 1919. This officially ends World War I

3. The Peace Debate U.S. President Woodrow Wilson proposes “peace of justice” based on his Fourteen Points. The British and French propose “peace with vengeance” to punish the Germans. President Wilson’s idea for a League of Nations is included in the Treaty but his other points are omitted.

4. Treaty of Versailles Severe treaty designed to humiliate and cripple Germany. –Germany must limit the size of it’s army and navy –Pay for damages from war ($33 billion in war reparations) –Accept the blame for the war (“War Guilt” clause) –Most historians agree that this treaty contributed to the rise of the Nazi party –Bitterness about it makes it one of the causes of World War II

5. The Cost of World War I The German, the Austro-Hungarian, the Russian, and the Ottoman empires are taken apart. New countries: Austria, Hungary, Poland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Finland, Czechoslovakia, Turkey, and Yugoslavia are created.

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8. The Cost of World War I Wasted Lives –8.5 million soldiers killed –21.2 million soldiers wounded –7.7 million missing and POW –Total of 37.5 million casualties