1. Once the was IPv4 Christian Huitema Architect, Windows ® Networking Microsoft ® Corporation

2. Internet: the exponentials and the brick wall? 1991: something is going to break… 1991: something is going to break… 1992: CIDR is adopted, works starts on IPnG. 1992: CIDR is adopted, works starts on IPnG. 1994: IPv6 draft is selected 1994: IPv6 draft is selected 1995-1999: IPv6 is developed. Address shortage; NAT for client/server. 1995-1999: IPv6 is developed. Address shortage; NAT for client/server. 2000: peer-to-peer, always-on.. 2000: peer-to-peer, always-on..

3. How will IPv6 change the world? Global addressing: Global addressing:  64+64 format: 1.8E+19 networks, units  1E+16 networks, assuming IPv4 efficiency  1 million networks per human  2 networks per sq.ft of Earth (20 per m 2 ) Plug and play: Plug and play:  IP networking easier than IPX Efficient mobility: Efficient mobility:  Simple instant-on ad-hoc networking  Mobile IP, without servers, without dogleg

4. Problem 1: Peer-to-peer RTP audio example With NAT: With NAT:  Need to learn the address “outside the NAT”  Provide that address to peer  Need either NAT-aware application, or application-aware NAT  May need a third party registration server to facilitate finding peers Home LAN Internet P1 NAT Home LAN P2 NAT

5. Solution 1: Peer-to-peer RTP audio example With IPv6: With IPv6:  Just use IPv6 address P1P2 Home LAN Internet Home Gateway Home LAN Home Gateway

6. Problem 2: Multiparty Conference Example With NAT, complex and brittle software: With NAT, complex and brittle software:  2 Addresses, inside and outside  P1 provides “inside address” to P3, “outside address” to P2  Need to recognize inside, outside  P1 does not know outside address of P3 to inform P2 P1P2 P3 Home LAN Internet NAT Home LAN NAT

7. Solution 2: Multiparty IPv6 Conference Example With IPv6: With IPv6:  Just use IPv6 addresses P1P2 P3 Home LAN Internet Home Gateway Home LAN Home Gateway

8. Problem 3: Ad-hoc networking IPv4: media lock + 63 sec. IPv4: media lock + 63 sec.  Try DHCP  Wait for timeout  Select AutoNet address  Conflict detect

9. Solution 3: Ad-hoc networking IPv6: media lock + 1 sec. IPv6: media lock + 1 sec.  Configure using MAC  Conflict detect

10. ‘cell’ B Problem 4: Move from “cell” to “cell” IPv4: IPv4:  Tell server,  Packets are relayed through the server P1 P2 ‘cell’ A Internet Relay

11. ‘cell’ B Solution 4: Move from “cell” to “cell” with IPv6 IPv6: IPv6:  Tell server + peer  Packets take direct path P1 P2 ‘cell’ A Internet Relay

12. If IPv6 is so great, how come it is not there yet? Applications Applications  Need upfront investment, stacks, etc.  Similar to Y2K, 32 bit vs. “clean address type” Network Network  Need to ramp-up investment  No “push-button” transition

13. Pure “Version 6” Internet Original “Version 4” Internet 6to4 Site Transition, with 6to4: No dependency on “core”

14. 6to4 addresses: 1 v4 address = 1 v6 network Stateless tunnel over the IPv4 network without configuration Stateless tunnel over the IPv4 network without configuration  The IPv6 address contains the IPv4 address  Entire campus infrastructure fits behind single IPv4 address FP (3bits)TLA (13bits)IPv4 Address (32bits)SLA ID (16bits)Interface ID (64bits) 0010x0002ISP assignedLocally administeredAuto configured

15. Microsoft Roadmap March 1998 => MSR prototype for NT4. March 1998 => MSR prototype for NT4. March 2000 => Early developer release for W2K on MSDN Web. March 2000 => Early developer release for W2K on MSDN Web. September 2000 => Full IPv6 Winsock SDK and key application support. September 2000 => Full IPv6 Winsock SDK and key application support. Next phase: Next phase:  Work on further IPv6 release  Test and port applications, test the transition tools. Goal: IPv6 and IPv4 parity Goal: IPv6 and IPv4 parity  Customer chooses! Eventually => IPv4 becomes legacy Eventually => IPv4 becomes legacy

16. For More Information Microsoft IPv6 white paper Microsoft IPv6 white paper  http://www.microsoft.com/technet/netw ork/ipvers6.asp  http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000 /library/howitworks/communications/net workbasics/IPv6.asp Microsoft IPv6 Tech Preview News Microsoft IPv6 Tech Preview News  http://www.microsoft.com/PressPass/pr ess/2000/Mar00/IPv6PR.asp Microsoft IPv6 Tech Preview Kit Microsoft IPv6 Tech Preview Kit  http://msdn.microsoft.com/downloads/s dks/platform/tpipv6.asp

17. Key Messages IPv6 direct addressing of all stations enables peer-to-peer, conferencing, auto-configuration, mobility. IPv6 direct addressing of all stations enables peer-to-peer, conferencing, auto-configuration, mobility. Transition to IPv6 akin to Y2K (upgrade all SW to 128-bit addresses) Transition to IPv6 akin to Y2K (upgrade all SW to 128-bit addresses) To help industry move along this path, MSFT released a stack and an SDK for Win2000; MS will continue to iterate this based on industry feedback To help industry move along this path, MSFT released a stack and an SDK for Win2000; MS will continue to iterate this based on industry feedback