1. Human Dimensions of Urban Ecology Kathleen L. Wolf, Ph.D. Research Social Scientist U of WA - Forest Resources Kathleen L. Wolf, Ph.D. Research Social Scientist U of WA - Forest Resources

2. Urban Ecology biophysical complexity psychosocial complexity EarthCorps

3. What Are “Human Dimensions?” social benefits & impacts of resource non-market values community economics planning, policy & decision making stakeholder(s) values user(s) conflicts cultural/environmental justice perceptions, values & attitudes social benefits & impacts of resource non-market values community economics planning, policy & decision making stakeholder(s) values user(s) conflicts cultural/environmental justice perceptions, values & attitudes

4. Social Science Disciplines psychology social psychology sociology economics political science anthropology geography psychology social psychology sociology economics political science anthropology geography

5. Why is this Important? urban sustainability understand ecosystems functions & benefits for society comprehensive systems, not site-by-site implementation & commitment urban sustainability understand ecosystems functions & benefits for society comprehensive systems, not site-by-site implementation & commitment

6. model of person/ecosystem interaction “native nature” “constructed nature” “active experience” eco-origin human experience “passive experience”

7. Eco-Origin native nature to constructed nature Pierce County, Chambers Creek Properties

8. urban forests? PNW lowland forests

9. urban forests

10. Central WA U plaza

13. REI retail, Seattle

14. Pierce County WA, Chambers Creek Properties

15. Pierce County WA, Chambers Creek Properties - 4 year growth

16. stormwater management Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

17. verticalforeststructure

18. roofs & structures

19. City of Chicago, City Hall roof gardens/ecosystems City of Chicago, City Hall roof gardens/ecosystems

20. Nashville, mixed use bldg roof gardens/ecosystems Nashville, mixed use bldg roof gardens/ecosystems

21. High Line Railway - W Manhattan

22. HighLine

23. Friends of the High Line

24. model of person/ecosystem interaction “native nature” “constructed nature” “active experience” eco-origin human experience “passive experience”

25. Human Experience passive to active “civic ecology” Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

26. passive experiences of urban nature

27. community gardens Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

28. Psychological Benefits of Nearby Nature Higher job satisfaction, reduced absenteeism (R. Kaplan) Lower crime rates in well landscaped areas (Kuo, Sullivan) Reduced violence and more constructive conflict resolution in domestic conflict (Kuo, Sullivan) Reduced ADHD symptoms in children (Faber Taylor, Kuo) Higher job satisfaction, reduced absenteeism (R. Kaplan) Lower crime rates in well landscaped areas (Kuo, Sullivan) Reduced violence and more constructive conflict resolution in domestic conflict (Kuo, Sullivan) Reduced ADHD symptoms in children (Faber Taylor, Kuo)

29. recreational tree climbing - Japan

30. nearby nature for all 20

31. Health & Well Being Improved surgery and illness recovery (Ulrich) Stress reduction in urban lifestyles (Ulrich) Reduced driving stress response & frustration (Parsons et al., Nasar) Improved community walkability, lower BMI (UW Urban Eco, Naderi et al.) Improved surgery and illness recovery (Ulrich) Stress reduction in urban lifestyles (Ulrich) Reduced driving stress response & frustration (Parsons et al., Nasar) Improved community walkability, lower BMI (UW Urban Eco, Naderi et al.)

32. Physical Activity & Obesity Nature and Walkable Places majority of Americans not active enough goal-30 minutes per day of moderate activity risk factor for chronic diseases (heart, stroke, cancer, diabetes) significant costs to national health services majority of Americans not active enough goal-30 minutes per day of moderate activity risk factor for chronic diseases (heart, stroke, cancer, diabetes) significant costs to national health services 310-580,000 deaths per year $100 annual billion medical costs (1995) 9.4% of all U.S. medical costs 310-580,000 deaths per year $100 annual billion medical costs (1995) 9.4% of all U.S. medical costs

33. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults 2004 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≥25% (*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) Doubling of adult obesity rate since 1980. 15

34. www.lhhl.uiuc.edu

36. parks, open spaces & trails

37. eco-restoration volunteers/employees - eco-literacy physical activity physical activity eco-restoration volunteers/employees - eco-literacy physical activity physical activity EarthCorps

38. nature recovery & schools Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

39. nature recovery & schools Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

40. first phase - reading circle Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

41. nature recovery & schools Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

42. school asphalt recovery Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore planning skills & efficacy

43. community gardens - renewal

44. “3rd place” & social cohesion

45. natural & social capital

46. active native constructed eco-origin human experience passive Why is this important? individuals nature & human functioning public health & welfare transferable knowledge & skills, youth engaged in sustainability nature & human functioning public health & welfare transferable knowledge & skills, youth engaged in sustainability

47. active native constructed eco-origin human experience passive Why is this important? communities vibrant, livable cities & towns environmental services human services across communities democracy & security through civic engagement vibrant, livable cities & towns environmental services human services across communities democracy & security through civic engagement Wangari Maathai 2004 Nobel Peace Prize

48. www.cfr.washington.edu/research.envmind