2. Solve the Following Brainteaser J, F, M, A, M, J, J, A, __, __, __, __ Fill in the Blanks Answer: –S, O, N, D –It’s the months of the year!

3. How About This One? Decipher the following code: –yyuryyubicuryy4me Answer: Too wise you are, too wise you be, I see you are too wise for me.

4. So What Did We Do? Analyzed the problem/asked a question. Developed an idea. Began testing that idea. Drew a conclusion. Rethought our idea. Basically, we used the: SCIENTIFIC METHOD

5. The Scientific Method involves a series of steps that are used to investigate a natural occurrence.

6. 1.Identify the Problem/Question Include Observation/Research 2.Formulate a Testable Hypothesis 3.Design and Conduct the Experiment 4.Collect and Analyze Results 5.Develop Conclusions Communicate the Results

7. Steps of the Scientific Method Problem/Question 1. Problem/Question: Develop a question or problem that can be solved through experimentation.

8. Steps of the Scientific Method Observation/Research Observation/Research: Make observations and research your topic of interest.

9. Do you remember the next step?

10. Steps of the Scientific Method Formulate a Testable Hypothesis 3. Formulate a Testable Hypothesis: Predict a possible answer to the problem or question. Example: If soil temperatures rise, then plant height will increase.

11. Steps of the Scientific Method Experiment 4. Experiment: Develop and follow a procedure. Include a detailed materials list. The outcome must be measurable (quantifiable).

12. Steps of the Scientific Method Collect and Analyze Results 5. Collect and Analyze Results: Modify the procedure if needed. Confirm the results by retesting. Include tables, graphs, and photographs.

13. Steps of the Scientific Method Conclusion 6. Conclusion: Include a statement that accepts or rejects the hypothesis. Make recommendations for further study and possible improvements to the procedure.

14. Steps of the Scientific Method Communicate the Results Communicate the Results: Be prepared to present the project to an audience. Expect questions from the audience.

15. Think you can name all seven steps? Problem/QuestionObservation/Research Formulate a Hypothesis Experiment Collect and Analyze Results Conclusion Communicate the Results

16. Let’s put our knowledge of the Scientific Method to a realistic example that includes some of the terms you’ll be needing to use and understand.

17. Problem/Question Let’s say we want to test the school’s new dress code and how teachers are monitoring it.

18. Problem/Question Would teachers enforce the dress code if students wear hats to school?

19. Observation/Research What would we do to research this?

20. Formulate a Hypothesis After talking with our classmates and conducting further research, we come up with a hypothesis. “If we wear hats to school, the teachers will make us remove them.”

21. Hypothesis The hypothesis is an educated guess about the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Note: These variables will be defined in the next few slides.

22. Do you know the difference between the independent and dependent variables?

23. Independent Variable The independent, or manipulated variable, is a factor that’s intentionally varied by the experimenter. We may choose to have Freshmen wear baseball caps, Sophomores wear hoodies, Juniors wear bandanas, and Seniors not wear any hats at all.

24. Dependent Variable The dependent, or responding variable, is the factor that may change as a result of changes made in the independent variable. In this case, it would be the teachers’ response to the hats.

25. Control Group In a scientific experiment, the control is the group that serves as the standard of comparison. The control group may be a “no treatment" or an “experimenter selected” group.

26. Control Group The control group is exposed to the same conditions as the experimental group, except for the variable being tested. All experiments should have a control group.

27. Control Group In our case, the Seniors would be the control group. They will be attending school like the other students and will be monitored by the teachers, but they won’t be wearing hats.

28. Constants We must keep all other factors the same so that any observed changes in enforcement can be attributed to the variation in wearing hats.

29. Constants The constants in an experiment are all the factors that the experimenter attempts to keep the same.

30. Experiment We need to write out a procedure for our experiment along with a materials list.

31. Trials Trials refer to replicate groups that are exposed to the same conditions in an experiment. We are going to test each academic hall 3 times.

32. Collect and Analyze Results After designing an experiment you must come up with a table to record your data, gather materials together and carry out the experiment.

33. Collect and Analyze Results After examining our data what can we see?

34. Conclusion Use the results to decide if teachers do or do not enforce the dress code and make students remove their hats. Differences in the enforcement based on the type of hat should be described.

35. Conclusion We can revise our hypothesis to look at the difference in dress code enforcement between male and female teachers.

36. Experiment Once again, we need to gather materials and carry out our experiment.

37. Conclusion After performing the experiment we find that more female teachers enforce the dress code vs. the male teachers at HHS.

38. Communicate the Results After finding out the results we need to be able to present the project in Science class.