1. 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 5pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 5 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt LOGIC ANCIENTMIDDLE EARLY MODERN 500 pt

2. If we know that all philosophers are wise, this is the premise we need in order to conclude that Socrates is wise

3. Socrates is a philosopher

4. An example would be, “Plato is both tall and not tall.”

5. Contradiction

6. An example would be, “either Plato is tall or Plato is not tall.”

7. Tautology

8. No one is granted bail if they are held for murder. John is not held for murder. Therefore John will be granted bail

9. Invalid

10. Tom is Tall or Tom is Short Tom is Short or Tom is Wise Tom is Happy or Tom is Wise Tom is not Wise Therefore Tom is Short and Happy

11. Valid

12. This philosopher is most likely to say, “The chair you sit upon is a reflection of a perfect concept of chair, which is more real.”

13. Plato

14. This philosopher used paradoxes to refute the concept that things can be divided.

15. Zeno

16. This philosophical school said that emotions lead to unethical behaviour.

17. Stoicism

18. This Taoist epistemological philosopher may have been a butterfly

19. Zuangzi

20. He would challenge your assertion that, “I know for certain that the earth orbits the sun because I was told so by my teacher” and probably be killed for it.

21. Socrates

22. This much disputed argument says that we can infer the existence of God from the idea of God.

23. The Ontological Argument

24. This philosopher justified his ethics with reference to divine laws and natural laws.

25. Saint Thomas Aquinas

26. This philosopher rejected questions of metaphysics in favour of the practical matters of government.

27. Niccolo Machiavelli

28. This philosopher came up with the idea of a social contract to avoid the pain of natural state of mankind

29. Hobbes

30. He was responsible for challenging the Ptolemaic view of the universe.

31. Copernicus

32. This philosopher believed in a basic oneness to all things and rejected feelings as an adequate form of understanding.

33. Spinoza

34. According to Leibniz, these pre-programmed elements are the basic elements of the universe.

35. Monads

36. Both Hume and Locke advocated this theory of knowing through senses.

37. Empiricism

38. This philosopher believed that government can only intervene to support natural rights. He devised this from his idea of the “noble savage”

39. Rousseau

40. Hegel believed this to be the result of the conflict between a thesis and an antithesis.

41. Synthesis

42. This philosopher rejected materialism for a number of reasons, one of which is that a lack of value is a value itself

43. Whitehead

44. John Dewey espoused this theory that insists that the best way to know the truth of something is to test it in practice.

45. Pragmatics

46. This philosopher believed that the only way to be free is to eliminate social class.

47. Karl Marx

48. This philosopher used the myth of Sisyphus as a metaphor for the human absurdity of trying to make sense of a senseless world

49. Camus

50. According to Levi Strauss, the mind and body, as well as opposing elements in mythology are examples of this.

51. Dualistic Elements