1. DNA Replication

2. Nucleotides

3. T.H. Morgan Genes are located on chromosomes

4. Transformation (Griffith 1928)

5. Avery, McCarty, MacLeod (1944) Genetic Material Protein or DNA ???? "Studies on the chemical nature of the substance inducing transformation of pneumococcal types"

6. Phages

7. Hershey & Chase (1952)

8. Linus Pauling (1948) Alpha Helix Structure

9. Chargaff’s Rule Adenine – Thymine Guanine - Cytosine

10. Watson & Crick

12. Maurice Wilkins X-ray diffraction

13. Rosalind Franklin

14. Nucleotides

15. X-ray Data

16. DNA Structure

17. Complimentary Strands

18. Semiconservative Model (Meselson & Stahl)

20. Origin of Replication

21. DNA Nucleosides Triphosphates

22. Antiparallel

23. Enzymes DNA Polymerase Helicase Single-strand binding protein Topoisomerase RNA primase Ligase

24. RNA Primer Uses RNA primase to build RNA primer Eventually replaced with DNA by DNA Polymerase

25. DNA Replication

26. Leading and Lagging Strands Leading Strand Built in the 5’-3’ direction Built toward the replication fork Built continuously Uses one RNA Primer Lagging Strand Built in the 5’-3’ direction Built away from the replication fork Built discontinuously using Okazaki fragments Many RNA Primers

27. Overview

28. Proofreading Mismatch Repair Nucleotide Excision Repair (nucleases)

29. End-replication Problem Nucleotides can only be added to 3’ end Leaves gap on leading strand Each replication causes DNA molecule to get smaller

30. Telomeres

31. End of DNA strand made up of reoccurring DNA sequence Can be rebuilt with telomerase (only in germ-line cells)