1. Thermal Power Station

2. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THERMAL POWER PLANT

3. Overview of coal handling plant
Wagon tippler
Raw coal from bharat coal ltd. Dhanbad & bilaspur(MP)
To SSTPS from gudla via a single railway track
bunkers
hoppers
Crusher house
Coal mills
(pulverization)
Raw coal feeders
Boiler furnace ( tangential firing of pulverized coal)

4. Steam Boiler 1.The utility boilers are large capacity steam generators
used for the electrical power generation.
2. In boiler heat energy is released from the combustion
of fossils fuel and heat is transferred to different
fluids in the system.
3. The boiler installed in S.T.P.S. are single drum,
tangential fired water tube naturally circulated
over hanged, pulverizing coal firing with a
max. Continuous steam output of 375 tons/hour at
138 kg/cm2 pressure and 5400C temperature.
4. Heat transfer section in boiler
4.1 Furnace : Furnace is the primary element part of the boiler where the chemical is obtained by combustion.

5. Air from environment via draft fans
BOILER:
stack
Flue gases
DM water
Boiler water tubes
& various stages
Super heated steam
Boiler furnace
Air from environment via draft fans
Ash handling plant
Pulverized coal

6. 2.The major fuels used in the steam generation are coal
oil and gas.
3. In furnace the whole combustion region is surrounded
by tubes through which water flows.
BOILER AUXILLARIES
4.2 SUPER HEATER: Superheats are meant to raise the
tem. of steam by absorbing heat from flue gases steam them.
2. Super heater eliminates the formulation of condensate
during transporting of steam in pipelines and inside the
early stages of turbine, which is harmful to the turbine
blades and pipelines .
3. Superheated steam is led into the H.P. turbine through
main steam stop valve.
After doing the useful works in the H.P. turbine the

7. steam is returned to reheater through the cold reheat lines.
4. The superheataer may be made in the form of coils and
platens.
4.3 Reheater: Reheater are used to raise the temp. of steam
from which point the energy had been extracted in H.P.
turbine with increasing no. of reheating stages. Reheating is
continuing till temp. of steam is reaches to 5400C.
2. Superheaters and reheaters tubes are made of 50 to 75
mm outside diameter.
4.4 Economizer :
The function of an economizer in a steam-generating
unit is to absorb heat from the flue gases and add this as
sensible heat to fed water. It acts like feed water heater.

8. The size of economiser tubes are 45 to70mm in outside diameter .
The water flow must be uniform to avoid the steam formation in economiser.
4.4Air Preheater:Air preheater is a heat exchanger in which preheating of air done by transferring heat from the flue gas
before supplying to the combustion chamber.For better combustion the air temp.250to350 is always desired .
The preheating of air results:
1.Improved combustion
2.Saving in fuel consumption
3.Thermal efficiency.

9. Super heaters & reheater
Flow of steam
turbine
Boiler drum
Boiler tubes
Super heaters & reheater
condenser
economiser
FWP
DM water plant

10. Steam turbine
Turbine is a prime mover in which a shaft is rotate by impact or reaction of stream of working substance ( steam, water, gases etc) upon blades of a wheel. It converts the potential or kinetic energy of the working substance into mechanical power by dynamic action of working substance. When the working substance is steam it is called the steam turbine. There are no. of blades alternatively fix & rotate due to which velocity is increased & pressure is decreased.
Principle of operation : . The steam is caused to fall in pressure in a passage of nozzle: doe to this fall in pressure a certain amount of heat energy is converted

11. In to moving with a greater velocity. The rapidly moving
particles of steam suffer a change in direction of
motion which gives change of momentum and therefore
to a force.
IMPULSE TURBINE: The passage of steam through moving
part of turbine in such a manner that the pressure at the outlet
side of the blade is equal to that at the inlet inside. Such a
turbine is broadly termed as impulse turbine.
IMPULSE REACTION TURBINE: Pressure of the steam
at outlet from the moving blade may be less than that at the
inlet side of the blades; the drop in pressure suffered by the
steam during its flow through the moving causes a further
generation of kinetic energy within the blades and adds to the
propelling force which is applied to the turbine rotor. Such a
turbine is broadly termed as impulse reaction turbine.

12. MOVING BLADES

14. Inlet Guide Vanes

15. FIXED BLADES

16. Rotor Layout

17. High pressure turbine: The HP turbine consists of 25 reaction stages
High pressure turbine: The HP turbine consists of 25 reaction stages. The moving and stationary blades are inserted into appropriately shapes into inner casing and the shaft.
Intermediate pressure turbine: The steam from HP turbine after reheating enters the inner casing from above and below through two inlet nozzles.
The IP turbine consists of 20 reaction stages per flow. The moving and stationary blades are inserted in appropriately shaped grooves in shaft and inner casing.
Low pressure turbine: Steam admitted to LP turbine from IP turbine flows into the inner casing from both sides through steam inlet nozzles.

18. GENERATOR: TWO POLE TYPE; WITH CYLINDRICAL ROTOR
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
TWO POLE TYPE; WITH CYLINDRICAL ROTOR
BASIC PRINCIPLE :FARADAY’s LOW OF MAGNETIC INDUCTION
COOLING:
STATOR WINDING-DIRECT WATER COOLING
ROTOR WINDING – HYDROGEN COOLING
MECHANICAL ENERGY

19. THANKS !