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Human Evolution II
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Paranthropus aethiopicus
The “Black Skull” West Turkana, Kenya, 2.5mya Brain size = 410cc
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Paranthropus robustus
Swartkrans, South Africa 1mya Brain size = 500cc
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Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania 2.1-1.7mya Brain size = 500cc
Paranthropus boisei OH5 “Zinj” Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania mya Brain size = 500cc
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Homo habilis from South Africa and Olduvai Gorge
Brain = 600cc
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Homo habilis KNM-ER 1813 Koobi Fora, Kenya, 1.8-1.6mya Brain = 510cc
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Kenyanthropus platyops and KNM-ER 1470, Homo rudolfensis
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Dmanisi, Georgia mya
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Science, 5 July 2002
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The Nariokotome Boy (“Turkana Boy”) WT15000 1
The Nariokotome Boy (“Turkana Boy”) WT mya Adult brain size would have been 909cc
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Achievements of H. erectus
Increased body size and more efficient bipedalism. Embraced culture as a strategy of adaptation. Brain was reshaped and increased in size to within H. sapiens range. Efficient scavenger and hunter with greater dependence on meat. Evolution of the human nose!
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Homo erectus from Java Brain size 813-1,059cc Sangiran, 1.6mya
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Homo erectus from Java
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Zhoukoudian Homo erectus
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Advantages of Use of Fire
Warmth. Cooking. Fire-hardening wood. Aiding in the production of stone tools. Chasing predators from caves. Illuminating caves and extending usable light into the night. Advantages of Use of Fire
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