2.  The South fully relied on cash crops to maintain its economy. › Indigo, Rice, Tobacco › None more important than cotton.  Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton gin maximizes production.  Made up 2/3 of exports to Europe  ”Cotton is King”

3.  Industrialization did not take hold as quickly in the South as it did in the North. › Most areas rural farms. However, there was some coal, iron, salt, and copper mines. As well as ironworks and textile mills. › South relied heavily on imports.

4.  Southern Social Class Structure: › 1. Planters - <5% of pop.  Dominate economy and politics. › 2. Yeoman Farmers- >50% of pop.  Ordinary farmers, usually no slaves. › 3. Rural Poor- <10% of pop.  Hunter/Gatherers-type lifestyle › 4. African-Americans (Enslaved and Free)

5.  Most enslaved Africans worked in the fields. › Two basic labor systems:  1. Task System  Workers given specific jobs to finish each day.  Some even earned money for their jobs.  2. Gang System  Groups of slaves performing one task all day led by a slave driver.

7.  Frederick Douglass was a former slave who became a leader of the antislavery movement.  State slave codes forbade enslaved persons from owning property or from leaving their owner’s land without permission.  They could not own firearms or testify in court against a white person.  They could not learn to read and write.

8.  There were free African Americans in the North and the South. › Descendents of indentured servants, earned freedom during American Revolution, were half white, or bought their freedom.

9.  African Americans developed a culture that provided them with a sense of unity, pride, and support. › Songs, religion, African traditions

10.  Many enslaved persons rebelled against their forced lifestyle.  They held work slowdowns, broke tools, set fires, or ran away.  Some killed their slaveholders.  In 1821 Denmark Vesey, a free African American who had a woodworking shop in Charleston, South Carolina, was accused of planning a revolt to free the region’s slaves.  Before the revolt, however, Vesey was arrested and hung.

11.  In 1831 Nat Turner, an enslaved minister who believed that God chose him to free his people, led a group of African Americans in an uprising. › Turner and his followers killed more than 50 white people before he was arrested and hung.