1. Obesity and the Hypothalamus By: Vicki Javier Mentors: Dr. Solen Gokhan and Dr. Volkan Granit Institution: Neurology Dept., Albert Einstein College of Medicine Date: July 20, 2006

2. Introduction Hypothalamus: relation to obesity and diabetes Hypothalamus: relation to obesity and diabetes

3. Background Nervous System Nervous System Hypothalamus Hypothalamus sleep/wake pattern sleep/wake pattern temp. regulation temp. regulation feeding behavior feeding behavior www.Samha.gov

4. Background: Nervous System Central Nervous System (CNS) Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Central Nervous System (CNS) Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) (brain & spinal cord) (brain & spinal cord) Somatic PNS Autonomic PNS Somatic PNS Autonomic PNS Sympathetic System Parasympathetic System Sympathetic System Parasympathetic System (fight & flight) (rest & digest) (fight & flight) (rest & digest)

5. Background: Hypothalamus Lateral Hypothalamus: hungry Lateral Hypothalamus: hungry Ventromedial Hypothalamus: full Ventromedial Hypothalamus: full

6. Procedures Delete gene: MASH1 Delete gene: MASH1 Perfusion Perfusion DNA isolation DNA isolation Genotyping Genotyping Amplify MASH1 & NEO via PCR Amplify MASH1 & NEO via PCR Use NEO as indicator Use NEO as indicator Immunohistochemistry Immunohistochemistry

7. Tools

8. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

9. Mouse Perfusion & IHC Brain tissue sliced and stained Needle is inserted in left atrium, ending at the aorta

10. Future Work Cross heterozygous mice w/ WT mice to get bigger colony Cross heterozygous mice w/ WT mice to get bigger colony Examine progression of obesity in transgenic mice and compare w/ WT mice Examine progression of obesity in transgenic mice and compare w/ WT mice

11. References Bear, Mark F., Barry W. Connors, and Michael A. Paradiso. Neuroscience Exploring the Bear, Mark F., Barry W. Connors, and Michael A. Paradiso. Neuroscience Exploring the Brain. 2nd Ed. ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001. Granit, Volkan. Personal interview. July 2006. Granit, Volkan. Personal interview. July 2006. Hypothalamus. Samhsa. 13 July 2006 Hypothalamus. Samhsa. 13 July 2006<http://www.toosmarttostart.samhsa.gov/InteractiveBody/html/hypo.htm>. "Hypothalamus." Wikipedia. 28 June 2006. 13 July 2006. "Hypothalamus." Wikipedia. 28 June 2006. 13 July 2006. "Perfusion Protocol." Neuroscience Associates. 2005. 13 July 2006. "Perfusion Protocol." Neuroscience Associates. 2005. 13 July 2006.

12. Acknowledgements Dr. Solen Gokhan Dr. Solen Gokhan Dr. Volkan Granit Dr. Volkan Granit Jessica Feig Jessica Feig Dr. Sat Bhattacharya Dr. Sat Bhattacharya Harlem Children Society Harlem Children Society Thank you