1. US Entry into WWI

2. Think. Pair. Share
What is “neutrality”? What does it mean to be neutral in a time of war?

3. Background: President during WWI: 1914-1918 Woodrow Wilson (1912-1920)
Review:
Central Powers:
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Turkey
Allied Powers:
Britain, France, and Russia

4. Woodrow Wilson Academic- history professor and governor of Princeton
Won the 1912 election with 42% of the popular vote

5. 1912 Election Foreign policy was not a major concern
Major issues: domestic policy

6. Monroe Doctrine
Introduced by President James Monroe in his State of the Union Address on December 2, 1823.
Became America’s official foreign policy for decades
The US wanted to make sure that no European powers would come in the place of Spain and Portugal

7. This meant that the US was emerging as a power
This meant that the US was emerging as a power... As the only big power in the Western Hemisphere

8. Terms of the Monroe Doctrine
For Europe:
Any further efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression requiring U.S. intervention
For the US:
The U.S. would neither interfere with existing European colonies nor meddle in the internal concerns of European countries.

9. Policy of Neutrality But………..
What did this all mean for WWI?
Policy of Neutrality
But………..

10. War Events
British blockade causes starvation in Germany
Germany responds with U-Boats (Unterseeboot)
A GERMAN Submarine
Wilson outraged by sinking of U.S. ships
In early 1915, U-Boats sank 90 ships, many non-military
Lusitania a ship sank (May)—124 Americans died, 1200 total casualties
Wilson convinces Germany to stop unrestricted submarine warfare-1915

11. Sinking of the Ship Lusitania May 7, 1915 – 1,200 people died

13. Woodrow Wilson
Won the 1916 presidential election with the slogan “He kept us out of war”

14. Until…. Unrestricted Submarine Warfare Continues in 1917
US Remains Neutral
Until….
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare Continues in 1917

15. Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
No limits or restrictions
Submarine=
Underwater boats which could fire torpedoes
Warfare=
War…fighting
Your definition?

16. German Submarine Built in 1917

18. From the German foreign Minister Zimmerman to the German Minister in
Zimmerman Note
January1917
From the German foreign Minister Zimmerman to the German Minister in
Mexico, Von Eckhardt.

19. Zimmerman Note
January 1917
Decoded

20. The Zimmerman Telegram-1917
Intercepted by British agents, from Germany (Arthur Zimmermann) to Mexico
Encouraged Mexico to attack U.S. in return for New Mexico, Texas and Arizona
One of final straws for Wilson
Germany restarts unrestricted Submarine warfare Feb 1917
April 1917, Wilson asks Congress for war with Germany “to make the world safe for democracy”
50,000 American troops sent by 1917

21. Vertical, then horizontal
A D F G V X
A B E R L
D I N A C
F D F G
G H J K
V M O P Q S T
X U V W X Y Z
FGAFA AAVXA DGAVX VADAD DVDDD VGA VXVDX DVDDF AFDXG XGDDG AVFDV X VAAFX GDADX VDDXD AVXXVAAAVD AVXDA VVGDD XAVDG DXGXV XVDVF VVAFD XAVAF VXDXV DFDAF XAVVV FAVAF VVVVV ADGXV AXAFD GGXFX AFAVV ADGDF VFAXV DVXXF DAVXG DVAAF XGDAD XVDVF AVAFV FDGAVAFVXV
DAXAF DGXDA FAFVA AADGV VVVXV VDDFV VGDVD AVVXD FVDVX DADXA F AAAFA VDFVV VXVDA VFGFG XFDGV VGDDA DFFXV XVDDF FDDX
Vertical, then horizontal

22. February 22, 1917 To: von Eckhardt Mexico City
British crack top secret code. U.S. press may leak German plot with Mexico. Prepare to leave embassy on short notice.
-Bernstorff Washington, D.C

23. Critical Paragraph: Why did the US enter WWI?
On the back…
Revise Hypothesis 2 to create your thesis statement for this critical paragraph. 
This critical paragraph must include:
at least 2 pieces of evidence with interpretation and commentary to back up your thesis statement.
a concluding sentence that discusses the importance of the entrance of the US into WWI.