1. Catalyst – November (2 2 -3), 2009  Draw the bond formation for SCl 2  Write the name and find the formula of a compound between Magnesium and Oxygen.

2. Today’s Agenda  Catalyst  Speed Dating!  Multiple Covalent Bonds  Pause for Environmental Issues/Activist Letters  Naming Covalent Compounds  Practice Time  Exit Question

3. Today’s Objectives  SWBAT find some atom love!  SWBAT model the bond formation of multiple covalent bonds.  SWBAT name covalent compounds.

4. Speed Dating  You have 10 minutes to get your project together and arrange the desks

5. Multiple Covalent Bonds

6. Multiple Covalent Bonds Key Point #1: Sometimes atoms must share more than one pair of electrons in order to become stable.  This results in double and triple bonds.

7. Double and Triple Bonds  Double covalent bond: two pairs of shared electrons (four electrons)  Triple covalent bond: three pairs of shared electrons (six electrons) = =

8. Example: Oxygen  Two oxygen atoms show up at the Homecoming Dance. Each oxygen atom has $6, but it costs $8 per atom to go inside. The School of Elements is offering a discount for couples. It costs only $12 for a couple atoms to go inside. How can both atoms get inside if they each only have $6???  They can share…electrons that is!!!

9. Try this one: Nitrogen  Two nitrogen atoms show up at the Halloween Party. Each nitrogen atom has $5, but it costs $8 per atom to go inside. The School of Elements is offering a discount for couples. It costs only $10 for a couple atoms to go inside. How can both atoms get inside if they each only have $5???  Model the bond formation of this happy couple!

10. Steps for Multiple Bond LDS’s 1. Write formula 2. Number of valence electrons (ve-) 3. Number of octet electrons (oe-) 4. Number of bonds 5. Draw!

11. More Examples O 2 CO 2 CO COCl 2

12. Your Turn! CS 2 HCl NOBr

13. Practice Time! 1. SO 2 2. C 2 Br 6 3. Se 2 4. SiSBr 2 5. Ge 2 H 4 6. OS

14. Exit Question  N 2  SO

15. Strengths of Bonds  Triple  Double  Single Key Point #2: Bond strength increases with number of bonds. So….a double bond is stronger than a single bond, and a triple bond is stronger than a single or double bond.

16. The Environment…  In this class, I want you to learn the contents of basic chemistry…  However, I also want you to be able to understand the importance of chemistry in the environment.  There is a chemical, DHMO, that is especially ruining our environment in many ways… and something must be done.  We are going to write letters to the government to help ban this awful, awful chemical

17. Surprise….  I have some DHMO with me today.  Does anyone want to see it??

18. Naming Covalent Compounds

19.  A compound made from Lithium and Oxygen.  How do we know if it is ionic or covalent?  Metals and non-metals make ionic compounds. Naming Ionic Compounds

20. Ionic Bond  Ion: Li  Ion: O LiO

21. Ionic Bond  Ion: Li  Ion: O Li + O 2-

22. Ionic Bond  Ion: Li  Ion: O Li + O 2-

23. Ionic Bond  Ion: Li  Ion: O Li 2 O

24. Ionic Bond  Bohr Model: Li  Bohr Model: O

25. Ionic Bond  Bohr Model: Li  Bohr Model: O

26. Ionic Bond  Bohr Model: Li  Bohr Model: O

27. Ionic Bond  Bohr Model: Li  Bohr Model: O

28. Ionic Bond  Bohr Model: Li  Bohr Model: O

29. Naming Ionic Compounds MgO

30. Naming Ionic Compounds MgO Magnesium Oxide

31. Naming Ionic Compounds CaCl 2

32. Naming Ionic Compounds CaCl 2 Calcium Chloride

33. Naming Ionic Compounds Al 2 O 3

34. Naming Ionic Compounds Al 2 O 3 Aluminum Oxide

35. Naming covalent compounds  No Kriss Krossing!  I will provide you with the compound’s formula.  However, naming will be a tiny bit more difficult.  In your notes, do this first example with me.

36. Naming Covalent Compounds PCl 3

37. How do we know if this is a covalent compound?  Is it between a metal and a non-metal?  NO!!! Then, it is not ionic.  Is it between a non-metal and a non- metal?  YES!!! Then, it is covalent!

38. Naming Covalent Compounds Rule 1: If the first element has more than one atom, give it a prefix.

39. Naming Covalent Compounds 1 – mono-2 – di- 3 – tri-4 – tetra- 5 – penta-6 – hexa- 7 – hepta-8 – octa- 9 – nona-10 – deca-

40. Naming Covalent Compounds PCl 3

41. Naming Covalent Compounds PCl 3 Phosphorous

42. Naming Covalent Compounds Rule 2: The second element always gets a prefix, uses the root of the word and ends in - ide.

43. Naming Covalent Compounds PCl 3 Phosphorous

44. Naming Covalent Compounds PCl 3 Phosphorous Trichloride

45. Naming Covalent Compounds Rule 3: The “o” or “a” at the end of the prefix is dropped if the element begins in a vowel.

46. Naming Covalent Compounds N2ON2O

47. Rule 1: If the first element has more than one atom, give it a prefix.

48. Naming Covalent Compounds N 2 O Dinitrogen

49. Naming Covalent Compounds Rule 2: The second element always gets a prefix, uses the root of the word and ends in - ide.

50. Naming Covalent Compounds N 2 O Dinitrogen Monooxide

51. Naming Covalent Compounds Rule 3: The “o” or “a” at the end of the prefix is dropped if the element begins in a vowel.

52. Naming Covalent Compounds N 2 O Dinitrogen Monooxide

53. Naming Covalent Compounds N 2 O Dinitrogen Monoxide

54. Practice Time! EXAMPLES  CCl 4  As 2 O

55. Whiteboards SO

56. Sulfur Monoxide

57. NO 2

58. Nitrogen Dioxide

59. N2ON2O

60. Dinitrogen Monoxide

61. P2O5P2O5

62. Diphosphorous Pentoxide

63. PCl 5

64. Phosphorous Pentachloride

65. NF 3

66. Nitrogen Trifluoride

67. Writing Formulas from Names EXAMPLES Carbon tetrachloride Diarsenic trioxide Sulfur dioxide Nitrogen trifluoride YOUR TURN TO “FORMULIZE” 1. Sulfur trioxide 2. Carbon monoxide 3. Carbon dioxide 4. Boron trifluoride 5. Tetraphosphorus hexasulfide 6. Xenon difluoride

68. Independent Practice Time  Lucky you!

69. Exit Question 1. Write the formula for:  Silicon dioxide  Dihydrogen monoxide 2. Write the name for the following compounds:  CO 2  NH 3