1. Antarctic ice cores : from Byrd to Vostok
Past climate changes : general presentation and tools
Antarctic ice cores : from Byrd to Vostok
Greenland ice cores : from Camp Century to GRIP/GISP2
- Ongoing projects : North GRIP, EPICA and others

2. ?
GRIP and GISP 2 diverge below about 2720 m

3. NorthGRIP Project Denmark Belgium Iceland France Germany Japan Sweden
Switzerland
USA
To appear in Nature, September 9

4. North GRIP Project : undisturbed Eemian (gas measurements)

5. North GRIP / GRIP difference appears modulated by the size of the ice sheet

6. Comparison of NorthGRIP with a North atlantic record

7. 10 NATIONS: Belgium, Denmark, France,
10 NATIONS: Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom
Two SITES : Dome C et DML.
5 CONSORTIA :
Gas, Chemistry, Isotope, Physical properties, Dust.

8. KOHNEN
G. Von Neumayer
DOME C
B.T.N.
D.D.U.

9. 1996/1997 : casing 130m 1999/2000 : casing 1997/1998 : 364m
EDC99
1999/2000 : casing
EDC96
1997/1998 : 364m
1998/1999 : 781m
2000/2001 : 1459m
2001/2002 : 2864m
2002/2003 : 3201m

10. What is the geographical
significance of the Vostok temperature record ?
Can we extend it further back in time ?

11. Comparison of five cores from the East Antarctic Plateau

12. EPICA Dome C provides more detailed information

13. 2000 3000 Profondeur 1000 EPICA Dome C
Note the change of pacing below 2800 m corresponding to MIS 12 (around 450 kyr BP)

14. information available (developed by F.Parennin)
Dating obtained by an inverse method aimining to an optimal use of the chronological
information available (developed by F.Parennin)

15. Correspondence between MIS 16.2 and the low deuterium value
Change of pacing is also seen in the oceanic record (at least to a certain extent)
Correspondence between MIS 16.2 and the low deuterium value

16. Comparison with the Devils Hole calcite record

17. Change of atmospheric composition during termination 5

18. The period around the transition towards 11
The period around the transition towards 11.3 resembles the last transition
The first part of 11.3 is Holocene like (as far as the deuterium record is concerned)

19. What is the geographical significance of the Vostok temperature record
at the glacial-interglacial timescale ?
We can extend Vostok further back in time

20. Deep (more than 2 km long) ice cores in Antarctica

21. Comparison of Dome F
and Vostok profiles
Watanabe et al., Nature

22. Comparaison of Vostok and Dome Fuji isotopic profiles
Watanabe, Jouzel, Johnsen, Parrenin, Shoji, Yoshida
(Nature, 2003)

23. Comparison of the Dome F and Vostok temperature profiles

24. Comparison of the Dome F, Vostok and EPICA Dome C(800 kyr)

25. 340,000-year Centennial-Scale Marine Record of
K.Pahnke, R.Zahn, H.Elderfield, M.Schulz , Science, August, 2003
340,000-year Centennial-Scale Marine Record of
Southern Hemisphere Climatic Oscillation (45°S, East of New Zealand)

26. EPICA Dome C and GRIP Millenial Variability

27. Comparison of Vostok, Dome F, EPICA Dome C and GRIP over the last 80 ka

28. Blunier and Brook, Science 2001

29. Raisbeck et al., Goldschmidt Conference, 2002
The 10Be peak straddles event 10, exactly as seen in the GRIP core. This implies that, within our ability to resolve, which we presently estimate as 200 years, the GRIP and EPICA climaterecords at this time are synchronous.
Small events / Large events ?
Interesting modelling approach of
Johnsen and Stocker, Paleoceanography, 2003

30. Stocker and Johnsen ; Paléocéanography, 2003

31. East Antarctica : Deep ice core Characteristics
H(m) A(g/cm2) Z (m age (ky)
Vostok
Dome F
EPICA DC
EPICA DML
Dome B
Dome A
The future of ice core research
International Participation in Ice Core Sciences (IPICS) Workshop

33. International Partnership for Ice Core Science
A project to recover the longest
possible ice core paleoclimate record
Jean Jouzel and Frédéric Parennin
Some criteria
- High ice thickness and low Accumulation :
- A/H as low as possible : East Antarctica ….
- Low horizontal speed (dome)
- Some melting at the base ? Relatively flat bedrock
- Well documented and accessible area
- Need for more data and dedicated modeling
Importance of drilling in coastal areas
Greenland : getting back to the previous glacial
Tropical and mid - latitude glaciers

34. as well as improved 3D ice flow modeling
There is some possibility to get a more than 1 Myr undisturbed paleorecord
but identiying a site will need to better document accumulation and other properties
as well as improved 3D ice flow modeling

38. This was a pleasure for me to give these ISCS lectures
Thanks for your attention