1. Updatehttp://life.uiuc.edu/animalbiology/105/ ID: eee105 Password: prAIRie

2. Updatehttp://life.uiuc.edu/animalbiology/105/ ID: eee105 Password: prAIRie Proposal was to mandate 36 mpg by 2015 For 22 years average has been 24 mpg 27.5 mpg for sedans 20.7 mpg for SUV’s

3. Update

7. Antarctica This was an ice shelf in East Antarctica

8. Antarctica West Antarctica rests on deep bedrock If it detaches, sea level will rise 5 - 6 meters

9. Update

12. Oceanshttp://life.uiuc.edu/animalbiology/105/ ID: eee105 Password: prAIRie

13. Oceans Weather generatorWeather generator Transport surfaceTransport surface : Voyages

14. Ancient Seafarers

15. Austronesian mariners

16. Ancient Seafarers

17. Austronesian mariners

18. Oceans The Kon-Tiki Expedition Thor Heyerdahl

19. Heyerdahl has seen the pollution of the oceans up close tar

20. tar plastics

21. Oceans Jaques Cousteau

22. Oceans Both Cousteau & Heyerdahl became ardent environmentalists “The oceans are ill”

23. Oceans e.g. abalone

24. Oceans e.g. abalone

25. Productivity Ocean food chains begin with phytoplankton

26. Phytoplankton “Grass of the Sea” diatoms

27. Phytoplankton dinoflagellates dinoflagellates The producers of the seaThe producers of the sea

28. Zooplankton “insects of the sea” Primary consumers

29. Marine Food Chain Phyto- plankton Zoo- plankton fish

30. Marine Food Chain Blue Whale

31. Marine Food Chain Blue Whale feeds on krill

32. Marine Food Chain wintering grounds Blue whale annual migrations

33. Productivity Measured by the concentration of phytoplankton

34. Productivity Open ocean is a “desert” Continental shelves more productive due to nutrients in runoff due to nutrients in runoff

35. Gulf Stream spring plankton bloomsGeorges Bank

36. Galapagos productivity upwellings stimulate productivity upwellings stimulate productivity iron is the limiting nutrient iron is the limiting nutrient adding iron sparks phytoplankton blooms adding iron sparks phytoplankton blooms a method of removing CO 2 ??? a method of removing CO 2 ???

37. Red Tides dinoflagellate blooms produce neurotoxins

38. Red Tides