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Published byRandolph Thomas Modified over 9 years ago
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Classification Needed to study similarities / differences of organisms Most common system has 6 Kingdoms
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I. Classification System A.Based on: 1.Presence / absence of nuclear membrane 2.Unicellular (one) vs.Multi-cellular (many) 3.Type of nutrition (autotroph vs. heterotroph)
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II. Kingdoms A.Monera 1.Lacking nuclear membrane 2.Bacteria 3.Blue-green algae
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II. Kingdoms B.Protista 1.Mainly unicellular 2.Plant-like / animal-like characteristics 3.Protozoa – heterotrophic (paramecium) 4.Algae – autotrophic (photosynthesis)
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II. Kingdoms C.Fungi 1.Multicellular 2.Filaments absorb digested food from env 3.Yeast 4.Bread Mold 5.Mushroom
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II. Kingdoms D.Plant 1.Multicellular, photosynthetic (autotrophs) 2.Bryophytes a.Lack vascular tissue (no roots, stems or leaves) b.Get nutrients and excrete wastes by diffusion c.Moss
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II. Kingdoms 3.Tracheophytes a.Have vascular tissue (roots, stems, leaves) b.Fern, Maple and Oak Trees
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II. Kingdoms E.Animal 1.Multicellular heterotrophs (ingest food) 2.Coelenterates a.2 cell layers w/ hallow body cavity b.Hydra, jellyfish
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II. Kingdoms 3.Annelids a.Segmented body walls b.Earthworm, centipede
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II. Kingdoms 4.Arthropods a.Jointed appendages b.Exoskeleton c.Grasshopper, lobster, spider
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II. Kingdoms 5.Chordates a.Dorsal nerve cord b.Shark, frog, human
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III. Overview A.Monerans = most primative B.Animals = most complex C.Classification suggests some organisms have common ancestry
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IV. Nomenclature (Naming) A.Kingdoms are broken into smaller groups 1.Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species 2.Genus – Organisms have very similar structure 3.Species – organisms can reproduce AND have VIABLE young (their young can reproduce)
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IV. Nomenclature (Naming) B.Modern System (binomial nomenclature) developed by Linnaeus (early 1700s) 1.Names are in Latin 2.Scientific Name = Genus + Species 3.Genus – First part, capitalized 4.Species – Second part 5.Homo sapien or Homo sapien
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