1. NVAC Influenza Working Group Vaccine Research, Development and Production

2. Vaccine Research Subgroup Ann Arvin (chair) Bruce Gellin (NVPO staff)

3. Vaccine Research Subgroup Activities Conference calls Initial survey of agencies efforts in research Stakeholder interviews (vaccine companies) National Influenza Vaccine Summit

4. Vaccine Research Subgroup – Issues Vaccine has limited efficacy in populations most vulnerable to influenza and its complications; a more effective vaccine is needed Better understanding of burden of disease may be needed to adequately measure impacts of various interventions (e.g., vaccine effectiveness, evolving nature of virus) Vaccine production: growing use of vaccine in US and globally, but current methods are cumbersome and relies on 50+ year old methods

5. Vaccine Research Subgroup Preliminary Assessment Issues for further discussion (1) Intersection of annual (“interpandemic”) influenza and pandemic preparedness Focused research to understanding of limitations of existing vaccines in vulnerable populations –Are different vaccines needed for different populations? Influenza immunity and immune evasion Potential role of adjuvants in enhancing immune response to influenza vaccines Dynamics of herd immunity: Implications for immunizations strategies (e.g., universal immunization) Delivery technologies: Facilitating vaccination uptake (e.g., needle-less technologies)

6. Vaccine Research Subgroup Preliminary Assessment Issues for further discussion (2) New technology for vaccine production (reverse genetics, engineered cell lines, mechanics of production process) Better approaches to understanding and predicting influenza virulence and transmission dynamics Veterinary/Human interface Research infrastructure/resource needs (BSL 3 labs, reagents) Public/Private Partnerships: Input from stakeholder in the development of a national research strategy Global harmonization: Influenza vaccine as model for vaccine harmonization efforts (FDA, EMEA, others)

7. Next Generation Influenza Vaccine “Public funding should give priority to research on cross-subtype vaccines conferring long-lasting protection….If the vaccine confers long-lasting immunity, preventive vaccination for a future pandemic will be possible…” WHO Consultation on Priority Public Health Interventions Before and During an Influenza Pandemic – March 2004 www.who.int

8. Vaccine Research Subgroup Preliminary Assessment Initial Conclusions: HHS should consider conducting a comprehensive cross-agency overview of all ongoing and planned research with the goal of developing a coherent national influenza research agenda –Broad range of overlapping research needs Innovation for developing improved needs to be encouraged and enhanced –Enhance effectiveness –Broad protection –Production technologies