1. Lesson 3 Mobile was the largest and wealthiest city in Alabama.

2. Lesson 3 Vocabulary ① County seat — town in a city in which the courthouse is located. ① Economic development — increasing or supporting the production of income or goods and services that bring financial support into a community. ① Toll roads — roads for which one must pay a fee to use. ① Industrialists — owners or managers of factories.

3. Lesson 3 (page 119)  Plantation owners usually ordered their goods from a broker in a large town like Mobile or New Orleans.  Alabama had many small towns that also provided goods and services for people. Merchants owned stores, and there were taverns and inns where travelers could sleep and eat.  Often there was a small millinery shop where ladies could buy new hats or lace, feathers, and ribbons to re-trim old hats.

4. Lesson 3 (page 119)  In each county, 1 town was designated the county seat. This is where the courthouse was located and all legal documents were handled.  Mobile was the largest town, mostly due to its busy seaport. Montgomery was the 2 nd largest town in Alabama.

5. Lesson 3 (page 120)  Alabama rivers provided the 1 st major transportation system within the state.  Steamboats on the Alabama rivers were important to the growth of Alabama’s economy. Steam engines could push boats upriver against the current. They could carry large amounts of cotton.

6. Lesson 3 (page 120)  The Harriet, which arrived in Montgomery in October 1822, was the first steamboat to travel from Mobile to Montgomery.

7. Lesson 3 (page 124)  Some areas had no navigable rivers, and it was difficult to reach areas in the hill country and the mountains by roads. There were a few brick streets in Mobile, but all rural roads and nearly all town streets were dirt.  Private companies built a few roads. These were toll roads. In order to use these a fee must be paid.  Alabama law required citizens to pay a tax or work on the roads.  Rivers and creeks needed ferries and bridges. Some bridges were built with a roof to protect the wood. These are called covered bridges.

8. Lesson 3 (page 125)  Horace King was the most celebrated bridge builder in Alabama.  He was a slave that was owned by a well known South Carolina bridge builder. He first built many bridges as a slave and then many more as a free man.  In 1852, he worked on the new capitol building in Montgomery. It is thought that he built the curving staircases in the west lobby.

9. Lesson 3 (page 126)  The 1 st Alabama railroad was built in 1830, and it was 2 miles long.  In 1832 a second railroad connected Tuscumbia with Decatur, and by 1847 this railroad was part of the line from Memphis, Tennessee to Charleston, South Carolina.

10. Lesson 3 (page 127)  Alabama was mostly a farming (agricultural) state, but some industry did develop before 1860.  Daniel Pratt was one of Alabama’s most famous industrialist (owners or managers of factories). Pratt came to Alabama in 1833 to build a small factory north of Montgomery. Gradually, a town grew around the factory and it was named Prattville. He went on to build a textile mill and a factory that made windows, doors, and blinds.  Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin in 1793.

11. The Cotton Gin

12. Lesson 3 (page 127)  Alabama was rich in natural resources. The hills of north Alabama contained iron ore and coal and the valleys had limestone.  Alabama had some deposits of gold in the ridge and valley area in the eastern part of the state. Goldville, Alabama was named for the mineral found nearby.  Gold miners were also active in Tallapoosa County, but in the late 1840s many of the men left for California where they hoped to discover more gold.

13. Lesson 3 Review! Discuss and answer the following questions: ①W①W hat shops and services did a town in Alabama offer at this time? ①W①W hat was the largest town in Alabama in 1846? ①W①W hat form of transportation was important to the economic development in Alabama? ①W①W hen was the 1 st railroad built in Alabama? How long was it? ①W①W ho was Alabama’s most famous industrialist?