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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme, HEALTH-F3-2012-305467EC. Project co-ordinators Prof Bob Elliott, r.elliott@abdn.ac.uk and Prof Christine Bond, c.m.bond@abdn.ac.ukr.elliott@abdn.ac.ukc.m.bond@abdn.ac.uk www.abdn.ac.uk/munros New Professional Roles: Processes, Productivity and Health Outcomes Jan Erik Askildsen Kamrul Islam University of Bergen, Norway
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros Overall objective assess the impact of the new professional roles – new roles mean undertaking roles that have traditionally been carried out by another profession as a formal part of his/her job – AMI, beast cancer, diabetes II study how the new roles have changed – health outcomes – processes outcomes – patient experiences – health care use
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros Formal representation Identify impact on clinical practice and outcomes – Outcome = f(personnel, share ‘new’, other) = f(L, L 2 /(L 1 +L 2 ), K) or 0 idh1c = f(L 1dh1c, K) 0 idh2c = f(L 1dh1c, L 2dh1c, K) where L is labour, and L 1 and L 2 are ‘traditional’ and ‘new’ health care professionals respectively
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros Outcome indicators Indicators suggested by EU ECHIM project and/or OECD HCQI project Outcomes must be hypothesized to be sensitive to changes in the types of professions involved in the provision of care, and in particular whether it is a new profession or new role
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros Data sources Questionnaires – distributed to patients and professionals in 9 countries Register (administrative) data Patient records
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros Possible indicators Health outcomes (HO) Mortality within 30 days Self assessed health Morbidity index hour? Process measures (PM) Unplanned readmission within 30 days after discharge from hospital Patient experiences (PS) Patient satisfaction Waiting times Health care use (HC) Length of stay (LOS) Number of outpatient visits Number of GP visits
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros Empirical strategy Outcomes hypothesized to depend on – patients’ individual characteristics age, sex, comorbidities, severity of the disease – hospital characteristics new professionals combination of the services provided by health care professionals hospital type, size – hospital care use where patient has been treated e.g. LOS → Nested structure: - Individual and hospital level sources of variation
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros New professional roles Variation over hospitals and diagnoses when it comes to share of specialists – Nurses and physicians Will construct a measure for new professional roles based on questionnaires to health care professionals – Diagnoses and hospital specific – Simple measure: Share of APN, share of specialist nurse; in team
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros Formalization
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros Diagnoses and Inclusion Criteria AMI/Heart attack Male or female Age 21 years or older Having a diagnosis of ICD-9: 410 or ICD-10: I21 or I22. Breast Cancer Female Age 21 years or older Having a diagnosis of ICD-9: 174-175 or ICD-10: C50 Empirical analyses ( An Example based on Norwegian data)
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros Data and Variables Data come from Norwegian Patient Register (NPR) for the years 2008-2013 Dependent Variables: Dead within 30 days Unplanned readmission within 28 days Hospital length of Stay (LOS) – Independent Variables: Demographic: Age, gender Disease Severity: DRG weight Whether patient changed their residence from home to institution: home_inst
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros Descriptive Statistics AMI/Heart AttackBreast Cancer VariableNMeanStd. Dev.ObsMeanStd. Dev. dead_30126 4150.0580.234448 2430.0070.086 readm_28126 4150.2790.449448 2430.4000.490 LOS105 7913.7834.64227 0183.8925.026 Age126 41567.7513.58448 24359.2012.28 Male126 4150.6770.4680.0070.082 drg_weight125 0061.2041.487415 8440.1600.323 home_inst126 4150.3570.479448 2430.0080.091 Year 2009126 4150.1580.364448 2430.0970.298 2010126 4150.1730.379448 2430.1000.301 2011126 4150.1780.384448 2430.2210.415 2012126 4150.1770.381448 2430.2440.429 2013126 4150.1770.381448 2430.2510.434
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros AMI/Heart Attack: Dead within 30 days Multilevel Logistic Regression Results Model 1Model 2 dead_30 Odds RatioStd. Err.zP>zdead_30 Odds RatioStd. Err.zP>z age1.0990.00169.0190.00 male0.9820.027-0.5410.51 drg_weight1.0970.00714.0400.00 home_inst5.5210.16557.2350.00 LOS0.9890.003-4.4280.00 year 20090.7790.034-5.7290.0020090.8920.042-2.6110.02 20100.8820.037-3.0420.0020100.8840.041-2.6950.00 20110.9010.037-2.5540.0120110.8450.038-3.7190.00 20120.8870.037-2.9100.0020120.8040.037-4.7910.00 20130.6610.029-9.4250.0020130.6050.029-10.4460.00 _cons0.0740.002-85.9280.00_cons0.000 -87.5020.00 Model 1Model 2 Residual intra-class correlation Level ICC Std. Err.Level ICC Std. Err. Hospital 0.467 0.180Hospital 0.479 0.177
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros AMI/Heart Attack: Unplanned Readmission within 28 days Multilevel Logistic Regression Results Model 1Model 2 readm_28 Odds RatioStd. Err.zP>zreadm_28Odds RatioStd. Err.zP>z age0.9770.001-37.0410.00 male1.1730.0219.0450.00 drg_weight1.0460.0067.4540.01 home_inst8.7660.143-133.290.00 LOS0.8290.003-89.3490.00 year 20090.8640.021-6.1540.0020091.0180.0300.5910.23 20101.0200.0230.8530.3920101.1890.0346.0800.00 20111.1850.0277.5660.0020111.3780.03911.4020.00 20121.0960.0254.0700.0020121.2880.0369.0000.00 20131.1050.0254.4270.0020131.3710.03811.3050.00 _cons0.3700.006-58.2160.00_cons0.8750.044-2.6710.00 Model 1Model 2 Residual intra-class correlation LevelICCStd. Err.LevelICCStd. Err. Hospital 0. 0003 0.014Hospital 0.036 0.027
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros AMI/Heart Attack: Length of Hospital Stay (LOS) Multilevel Linear Regression Results Model 1Model 2 LOSCoef.Std. Err.zP>zLOSCoef.Std. Err.zP>z age0.0630.00164.7590.00 male-0.3190.028-11.2830.00 drg_weight1.0200.009117.5540.00 home_inst-0.3580.026-13.5560.00 year 2009-0.0710.051-1.4580.172009-0.0700.047-1.4890.14 2010-0.1280.049-2.6830.012010-0.1330.045-2.9230.01 2011-0.3250.049-6.7470.002011-0.8800.045-19.6130.00 2012-0.3920.049-8.0970.002012-0.9010.045-19.9090.00 2013-0.5720.049-11.7190.002013-0.6890.045-15.2320.00 _cons4.0320.31712.7400.00_cons-1.0120.320-3.1600.00 Model 1Model 2 Residual intra-class correlation Level ICC Std. Err.Level ICC Std. Err. Hospital 0.082 0.025Hospital 0.093 0.028
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros Breast Cancer: Dead within 30 days Multilevel Linear Regression Results Model 1Model 2 dead_30Coef.Std. Err.zP>zdead_30Coef.Std. Err.zP>z age-0.0000.000-3.7480.00 drg_weight0.0470.00218.8990.00 home_inst0.3430.00572.8830.00 LOS0.0050.00016.5650.00 year 2009-0.0050.001-9.0750.002009-0.0090.004-2.1100.03 2010-0.0060.001-10.7740.002010-0.0060.004-1.4310.15 2011-0.0110.001-21.0310.002011-0.0130.004-2.9420.00 2012-0.0120.001-23.8100.002012-0.0220.004-4.9980.00 2013-0.0110.001-22.5540.002013-0.0310.004-7.2510.00 _cons0.0410.0133.1110.00_cons0.0100.0091.1140.27 Model 1Model 2 Residual intra-class correlation LevelICCStd. Err.LevelICCStd. Err. Hospital0.3230.069Hospital0.0120.006
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros Breast Cancer: Unplanned Readmission within 28 days Multilevel Linear Regression Results Model 1Model 2 readm_28Coef.Std. Err.zP>zreadm_28Coef.Std. Err.zP>z age-0.0010.000-5.3820.00 drg_weight0.0330.0049.0330.00 home_inst0.0370.0075.3910.00 LOS0.0010.0002.2550.02 year 20090.0000.0030.1150.9120090.0140.0062.2120.03 2010-0.0020.003-0.7590.4520100.0120.0061.8720.06 20110.4650.003184.0010.0020110.0620.0069.8010.00 20120.4610.002184.9540.0020120.0400.0066.2450.00 20130.4460.002179.6770.0020130.0460.0067.2070.00 _cons-0.0280.034-0.8320.41_cons0.0910.0185.0090.00 Model 1Model 2 Residual intra-class correlation LevelICCStd. Err.LevelICCStd. Err. Hospital0.1100.033Hospital0.0370.015
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros Breast Cancer: Length of Hospital Stay (LOS) Multilevel Regression Results MODEL 1Model 2 LOSCoef.Std. Err.zP>zLOSCoef.Std. Err.zP>z age0.0350.00217.1360.00 drg_weight2.9210.05157.1870.00 home_inst3.5350.10134.9770.00 year 20090.0270.1040.2610.792009-0.1140.094-1.2050.23 2010-0.3050.105-2.9120.002010-0.5340.095-5.6420.00 2011-0.1580.104-1.5240.132011-0.4930.094-5.2440.00 2012-0.8300.105-7.8970.002012-1.0750.095-11.3210.00 2013-0.7620.102-7.4670.002013-1.7230.094-18.4020.00 _cons4.8320.43211.1910.00_cons-0.7290.238-3.0600.00 Model 1Model 2 Residual intra-class correlation Level ICC Std. Err.Level ICC Std. Err. Hospital 0.107 0.039Hospital 0.025 0.011
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MUNROS is funded by the European Commission FP7 programme www.abdn.ac.uk/munroswww.abdn.ac.uk/munros Conclusion Variations over hospitals in use of health care personnel Multi-level analyses indicate some possibility for this variation to result in different health outcomes – Mortality rates, unplanned readmission, LOS Questionnaires will provide more information on outcomes and health care personnel mix
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