2. Militaristic Japan Emperor reigns but doesn’t rule 1920’s extreme military leaders attempted to overthrow the emperor. Great Depression put blame on government Unsuccessful Military leaders launch surprise attack on China anyway In Manchuria Why would Japan want to invade another country?

3. Manchukuo- 1931 Within months Japan controlled this area Set up a “puppet government” Why didn’t China win against tiny Japan? Chiang Kai-shek (democratic) could not defeat the Japanese Better equipped and trained (westernization) Conquer Beijing and Nanjing The Democratic Chinese set up new capital in west and continue to fight Mao Zedong (a Chinese communist)

4. Japanese Invasions What’s the League of Nations? Sent people to investigate What did Japan do? Militarists in total control of Japan

5. The Invasion

6. Review Questions Describe the military in Japan? Who ruled Japan? Why were the Japanese interested in capturing Manchuria? Why were the Japanese able to defeat a larger Chinese force?

7. Italy Conquers Ethiopia Resisted Italians in 1890s Mussolini wants revenge October 1935 defeats the Ethiopians Italians had modern weapons, Ethiopians did not League condemns Italy but does nothing Hope to keep peace by giving in

8. Hitler Ignores Versailles Treaty See’s the League did nothing to Japan- build up army. League could not stop him Actually makes Hitler more confident Rhineland Buffer between Germany and France Hitler invades despite warnings Appeasement Giving in to the opponent to keep peace If Britain had stepped in at this point, Hitler would of stopped. Strengthens Hitler’s prestige and power Opens up Belgium and France to Germany Axis Powers Formed Italy and Japan decide to join up with Germany

9. Taking the Rhineland Video Clip #2

10. Review Question #2 Why was Mussolini so intent on taking over Ethiopia? Why was control of the Rhineland so important to Hitler? Describe how the British and French policy of appeasement contributed to Hitler’s aggressiveness.

11. The Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco Fascist leader starts civil war in Spain Hitler and Mussolini come to his aid Western democracies stay out of it Russia helps a little Franco wins and becomes dictator Video Clip #3

12. The Final Steps U.S. was still Isolationist Passes Neutrality Acts The Third Reich March 1938 Germany annexes Austria France and Britain ignore pledge to protect Austria Sudetenland Area of Czech made up of German speakers Hitler demands rule of the area Czech’s ask for help Appeasement Round 2 Munich Conference Germany, France, Britain, Italy Neville Chamberlain British P.M. chooses appeasement Gives Germany Sudetenland if Germany would respect Czech border Winston Churchill Warns that appeasement would lead to war

13. Was Hitler really done?

14. Six Months Later March, 1938 Hitler takes Czechoslovakia Mussolini takes Albania Hitler demands Danzig port from Poland Doesn’t think Britain and France will risk war Hitler and Stalin sign nonaggression pact August 23 rd, 1939 Why? No one is left to stop the Axis Powers

15. Review Questions #3 Why did Mussolini and Hitler want to help Francisco Franco? What steps were taken by Hitler and Mussolini to test the will of the British and French? Explain how the nonaggression pact between the Soviets and Germans proved to be the key to Hitler moving towards war.