1. Developing Scalable Design for Converting Biogas to Electricity Group 22 Sung Hoon Bae (BME) Daniel Rim (ChBE) Chris Zachara (ChBE) Advisor: Dr. David Owens Owen Graduate School of Management Bae, Rim, Zachara http://www.bme.vanderbilt.edu/srdesign/2009/group22/ BME 272: Oral Report #1http://www.bme.vanderbilt.edu/srdesign/2009/group22/

2. Outline Problem statement Objective Background: biogas Methods Current status Future work Importance

3. Problem Statement Bangladesh High population/high poverty rate Population: 162 Million – 7 th GDP (PPP): $1,500 per capita – 153 rd http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f2/Bangladesh_(orthographic_projection).svg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg

4. Problem Statement Only 30% electricity distribution (2002) 25% in urban and 10% in rural (2000) 79% of population in rural (1999) Government efforts 30% to 38% distribution from 2002-2008 Slow progression

5. Objective Create a generator (biogas) Household scale “Reasonable” retail price Sufficient output electricity 1-2 100W light bulbs for 6 hrs/day http://www.odec.ca/projects/2007/sidd7g2/Images/appelectricty.gif http://image09.webshots.com/9/2/10/75/112721075ZEGbyv_fs.jpg http://www.ct.gov/opapd/lib/opapd/newsletter-pics/dollar2520squeezed.jpg

6. Background: Biogas Anaerobic digestion or fermentation Biodegradable materials Biomass, manure, sewage, and etc. Composition Methane: 50-70% Dioxide: 30-40% Hydrogen: 5-10% Nitrogen: 1-2% Application Electricity and heating

7. Background: Why Biogas? Clean Fuel 80% less hydrocarbon and 60% less nitrogen oxides than diesel Negligible concentrated particles or dust Availability Organic material – virtually unlimited Animal waste, food waste, and etc. 65% labor force in agriculture in Bangladesh

8. Methods http://www.i-sis.org.uk/graphics/chinaBiogas.jpg Biogas digester

9. Methods http://www.i-sis.org.uk/graphics/chinaBiogas.jpg Generator Electricity Biogas digester Control

10. Current Status Research Biogas General information Biogas power plant Generator Fluid (liquid vs. gas) Material selection Design Brainstorming

11. Future Work Brainstorming session with all three project groups Consult with ChBE, ME, and EECE experts about the project/design Generate drawings and specs and hopefully order necessary materials over winter break Find an appropriate place to make and test the prototype

12. Importance Provide electricity in rural area with reasonable price May help with sanitization problem Increase activity time at night Can be distributed to other countries as well

13. References Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division (2009) (.PDF). World Population Prospects, Table A.1. 2008 revision. United Nations.. Retrieved 2009-03-12. "Bangladesh"..... http://www.malmberg.se/module.asp?XModuleId=14085