1. Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction
Chapter 11 Review
Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

2. Meiosis
Occurs in all sexually reproducing organisms

3. Genetic Variation Contributes to genetic variation:
Random fertilization
Independent assortment
Crossing over
Binary Fission does not lead to genetic variations.

4. Haploid - Diploid
In the alternation of generations, spores, gametophytes and egg and sperm are Haploid
Sporophytes are Diploid

5. Meiosis
Two successive divisions are responsible for the formation of four haploid cells.

6. Asexual Reproduction DNA does not vary much between offspring
Many offspring are produced in a short time
Organisms may not be able to adapt to new environments

7. Fragmentation
Is a form of asexual reproduction

8. Gametes
In humans, each gamete receives one chromosome from each of 23 pairs

9. Crossing Over
Portions of a chromatid on one homologous chromosome break off and trade places with the corresponding portion on one of the chromatids of the other homologous chromosome

10. Life Cycle
The activities in the life of an organism from one generation to the next.

11. Diploid
A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes

12. Independent Assortment
Random distribution of homologous chromosomes during meiosis

13. Homologous Chromosomes
Chromosomes that are similar in shape and size and have similar gentetic information

14. Spermatogenesis
The process by which gametes are produced in male animals

15. Haploid
A cell that contains one set of chromosomes

16. Oogenesis
The process by which gametes are produced in female animals

17. Fertilization
The union of sperm and egg cells to produce a diploid zygote

18. Asexual Reproduction
All copies of the single parent’s genes are passed to the offspring

19. Ovum
Female gamete, also called an egg

20. Test Chapter 11
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