2. How do we get new cells?

3. Cells reproduce through a process called …

4. asexual reproduction.

5. Asexual reproduction is reproduction without sex.

6. (a – without; sexual – sex)

7. A new organism is produced from one organism.

8. The new organism is identical to the “parent” organism.

9. Cells reproduce by a process called mitosis.

10. Mitosis

11. Mitosis is the process in which the nucleus divides to form two identical nuclei.

12. The nucleus in the new cell is identical to the original nucleus.

13. Steps of Mitosis

14. At the end of Interphase – cell’s chromosomes duplicate.

15. Chromosomes contain the cell’s genetic materials.

16. Prophase follows Interphase. Source: roche.com

17. Prophase – Chromatid pairs are now visible and the spindle fibers are beginning to form.

18. Chromatid – duplicated chromosome coils.

19. Source: roche.com

20. Metaphase follows Prophase. Source: roche.com

21. Metaphase – Chromatid pairs are lined up in the center of the cell.

22. Source: roche.com

23. Anaphase follows Metaphase.

24. Anaphase – the chromosomes have separated.

25. Source: roche.com

26. Telophase follows Anaphase. Source: roche.com

27. Telophase – It is now obvious that two cells are forming. Source: roche.com

28. Cytokinesis – the nucleus begins to re-appear. Source: roche.com

29. Cytokinesis – you now have two cells. Source: roche.com

30. There’s another type of reproduction.

31. Sexual Reproduction

32. Two sex cells come together and form a new organism.

33. The male produces sperm. The female produces an egg.

34. The joining of the sperm and egg is called fertilization.

35. The process of forming sex cells (gametes) is called meiosis.

36. Meiosis

37. Meiosis I

38. The exact same process as Mitosis (except each step ends with a I)

39. Meiosis II

40. Prophase II DNA does not make a copy of itself.

41. Prophase II Chromosomes condense, nuclear membrane breaks down, spindle fibers form.

42. Prophase II Source: roche.com

43. Metaphase II Spindles attach to chromatids. Chromatids begin to line-up.

44. Metaphase II Source: roche.com

45. Anaphase II Chromatids split, taking ½ of each chromosome.

46. Anaphase II Source: roche.com

47. Telophase II Cell membranes starts to pinch off. Cells split, leaving four haploid cells.

48. Telophase II Source: macroevolution.net

49. Cytokinesis Cell membranes starts to pinch off. Cells split, leaving four haploid cells.

50. Source: roche.com Cytokinesis