2. A nation destroys its environment destroys itself. ------ F.D.Roosevelt

3. EARTH AIR WATER

8. Dunhuang used to be a great city Dunhuang has become a desert 1. increase cattle 3. not kill cattle 2. lack of rain 2. rain pouring 3. soil washed down 4. grass eaten up4. soil blown away 1. trees cut down Cattle problem Soil lost

9. A.B. C.D. Nswer: B, C, D, A

10. A. B. C. D. Nswer: D, B, A, C

11. Exercise Another problem is that good soil is gradual lost. When trees cut down, there is nothing to hold the soil in place on the hillside, so when it rain, the soil is washed down the hills and to the rivers. Strong winds can also blow away the value soil that lies at the top of the fields. _______ on gradually are cut rains into valuable ______ _______ _________ _______ ____ _____ ___ _____ __

12. 1. What damage can chemical rain cause?cause Chemical rain can destroy trees in the forest and kill fish in the lakes. 2. What had happened in Germany by 1986? In Germany, over 50% of the country’s treestrees had been damaged by the year 1986. 3. When and where did a bad accident happen at a nuclear power station. In Russia in1986. 4. What accident happened in India in 1984? In 1984 there was a serious accident at aserious accident factory in India and a cloud of dangerous gas covered the town of Bhopal.

13. CAUSE V. Lead to n. reason Water pollution is cause by waste from factories and cities. Cattle are one cause of the problem. What’s the _____for her anger? She is usually not easy to get angry. A.opinion B. because C. cause D. view C

16. Result: Over 2,500 people were killed that night, and hundreds of thousands of people were injured. Many of the injured lost their sight. the injured: people who are injured the + adj./P.P refer to a kind of people the rich the poorthe blindthe old lost one’s sight: become blind far-sightedshort-sighted

17. Air pollution CountryYearReasonsBad results Germany 1986 Chemical rain 50% of trees damaged Russia 1986 A cloud of radiation 125,000 people died India 1984 Dangerous gas 2,500 people killed

18. 1. What is the general cause of water pollution? Water pollution is generally caused by waster from factories and cities. 2. Why is the Mediterranean not able to clean itselfMediterranean once it is polluted? Because the Mediterranean lies between Europe and Africa. It has only one narrow entrance to the ocean in the west. 3. What problems do lakes have? Lakes have the same problem, they have been dirtied too.dirtied 4. What was the result of an oil tanker accident that happened off the northwest coast of Alaska in 1989? More than 34,000 birds and 10,000 animals were killed. 4,800 square kilometers of ocean were polluted.

19. The Mediterranean The straits of Gibraltar

20. dirty …but certain seas, once they become dirty, are not able to do so. However, the water of this great lake, have been dirtied by waste from a chemical factory. adj. v. become/make dirty The little boy ____his feet by putting them into ____water. A.dirt B. dirty C. dirtied D. dirtying Tom wiped his _____ hands on his thighs. White shoes _____ very quickly. C B C B

21. Water pollution ExamplesPlacesBad results The Medi- terranean Between Europe And Africa 1.no longer safe for swimming 2. not safe to eat the fish Lake Baikal in Asia no longer 700 kinds of plant and animal life living An oil tanker hit a rock in 1989 northwest coast of Alaska 1.more than 34,000 birds killed 2. 10,000 animals killed 3. 4,800 square kilometers polluted

22. True or false exercises: 1.Many parts of the world, which once had large populations, have become deserts. 2. Cattle are the only cause of the growing desert. 3.Chemicals in the smoke from power stations can travel thousands of miles in the wind. 4. It is said, that 125,000 people died in Germany as a result of illnesses caused by a radiation wind in 1986. 5. One quarter of the shores of the Mediterranean are polluted and no longer safe for swimming. 6. Lake Baikal in Asia is the cleanest in the world, with over 700 different kinds of plant and animal life. ( T ) ( F ) ( T ) ( F ) ____ _________ _______ __

23. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. The area of desert in the world is growing. One cause of the problem is the increase of the number of _______, which eat up grass.Without grass, land turns into ________. ________problem is that trees are cut down. There is nothing to ______ the soil. Strong winds also _____ away the soil on the top of the fields. cattle desert Another hold blow

24. Air pollution comes from factories,Power stations and cars. ________ in the smoke from power stations can destroy trees and kill fish in the Rivers, lakes and seas. Time and time again there are serious radiation accidents That ______ the air. Many people were ______ or killed. Waste from factories and cities can also pollute water. Ocean are able to clean __________, but certain seas, once they are polluted, are not able to do so. Lakes also have the same ________. Some lakes have been seriously _______. A lot of diseases are _______ in them, so they are not safe for __________and lots of animals and plants __ them have been killed. Chemicals pollute injured themselves problems dirtied present swimming in

25. Revise Lesson 34 Do Exercise 3 on Page 114. Do Exercise 1 on page 117. Finish off the following Multiple choices.

26. 1.The entrance _____ the park is too narrow. A. for B. at C. to D. with 2. The wooden bridge was _____ by the running water. A. washed out B. washed off C. washed away D. washed up 3. Don’t touch my book, just leave it _____. A. that place B. in place C. on place D. place 4. The poor _____ money badly. A. is in need of B. needs C. are in need of D. need to 5. Kate waved until the car _____. A. out of sight B. in sight C. within sight D. lost sight C C B C A Multiple choice :