1. EASTERN CITY STATES
AND SOUTHERN EMPIRES
IN AFRICA

2. Trade Builds Cities Seaports trade with Persia, Arabia, and India
New Language created from this from Cultural Diffusion:
Swahili: Part Arabic Part Bantu
By 1300 there are over 35 trading wealthy seaports

3. The City-State of Kilwa
Once the greatest city on the East African coast.
Shirazi Arabs settled there in the 9th century and created a town.

4. Kilwa Kilwa controls trade from southern Africa to India
Location gives it an advantage for trade
Kilwa siezes Sofala for its gold mines and harbor

5. Portuguese Conquest
1488- Portugal conquers Kilwa, Mombasa and Sofala

6. Islam
Islam unifies the port cities of the western Indian Ocean.

7. Islam is Spread By Arab Traders
Swahili city-states along East Africa's coast were established in the thirteenth century by Arab settlers as trading towns.
Muslim traders prefer to trade with Muslim traders

8. Most Eastern African City-States are Governed by a Muslim Sultan
The Sultan of Zanzibar’s Palace

9. Most Africans follow traditional Religions
That has no sacred texts.
All the tenets of the religion are passed on through story telling.
Religion was a way of life, a system of social control, a provider of medicine.
TR Rainmaker

10. African Traditional Religions

11. Africans Sold Into Slavery
Unlike Western African Slave Trade, on the East Coast, only a few hundred slaves are sold each year.

12. East African Slave Trade
Exceptionally brutal: only 20% of captured Africans make it alive to the slave market.

13. 1400 Years of Islamic Slave trade= c. 112 Million Deaths

15. Great Zimbabwe
Named after the Ruins of the Great walls they left behind

16. Great Zimbabwe
Great Zimbabwe reached its zenith around the 1440s by virtue of its brisk trade in gold with Arabs

18. Great Zimbabwe
Developed around a trade network extending as far as China
Famous for the ruins at its old capital of Great Zimbabwe
1:10
Towers of Great Zimbabwe

19. THE GREAT MUTATO
Mutota, in 1440, began the campaign to carry out his grand design to unite South Africans into a vast empire.
This land contained the majority of the world precious metals such as gold, copper, tin and iron held in over 4000 mines. After 30 years of struggle, unity was finally achieve in 1480 into the Empire of Monomotapa

20. Zulus Destroy Zimbabwe
Zulus were a warlike branch of the Southern Bantus who live in the area that is currently South Africa. They are traditionally grain farmers and cattle herders

22. Great Zimbabwe
It was finally conquered in 1629 by the Portuguese and never recovered.

23. Zimbabwe Today
Zimbabwe, once one of the most prosperous nations in Africa, now has the lowest life expectancy and highest inflation rate in the world. Life has become an everyday struggle for survival
2007 Presidential Elections: President Mugabe‘s opponent, Tsvangirai, suffered 4 assassination attempts, beatings and his supporters were killed and tortured.
Avg. inflation rate: 1,694,000% year-on-year,